A MECHANISTIC POPULATION BALANCE MODEL FOR TRANSIENT AND STEADY-STATE FOAM FLOW IN BOISE SANDSTONE
A MECHANISTIC POPULATION BALANCE MODEL FOR TRANSIENT AND STEADY-STATE FOAM FLOW IN BOISE SANDSTONE
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DOI：
10.1016/0009-2509(95)00199-f
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发表时间：
1995-12-01
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
RADKE, CJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
KOVSCEK, AR;PATZEK, TW;RADKE, CJ
多孔介质中的泡沫在长度尺度上是不连续的，其长度与孔隙尺寸重叠。这种泡沫-气泡微结构决定了泡沫在多孔介质中的流动行为，进而决定了气体和液体的流动。由于对多孔介质中流体的传统连续介质和牛顿描述的经验扩展不能反映泡沫-气泡微结构和泡沫流变学的耦合，泡沫驱替的建模一直受挫。我们报道了一个多孔介质中泡沫驱替的机理模型，该模型包含了泡沫生成、聚合和在水泡沫的瞬时弯曲中传输的孔隙级机制。一个平均尺寸的泡沫-气泡守恒方程，以及传统的油藏/地下水模拟方程，为我们的机械泡沫驱替模拟提供了基础。由于泡沫塑料的流动性在很大程度上依赖于其质地，气泡数量平衡是有用和必要的，因为必须将泡沫质地的作用纳入任何寻求准确预测泡沫流的模型中。我们的模型使用了依赖于毛细压力的片层生成和合并的动力学表达式，并考虑了片层的捕获。此外，还包括了表面活性剂化学传输的影响。所有模型参数都有明确的物理意义，因此与弓形条件无关。因此，首次将泡沫流动行为从实验室放大到现场尺寸似乎是可能的。通过与实验的对比，验证了仿真模型的正确性。用扫描伽马射线密度计在一块1.3亩m(2)的博伊西砂岩中获得了原位、瞬变和稳定的水相液体含量。背压超过5兆帕，泡沫质量从0.80到0.99。总表观速度从0.42米/天到2.20米/天不等。顺序压力丝锥测量排阻。实验结果与理论结果吻合较好。此外，我们发现，气泡密度平衡是目前唯一能自洽地描述泡沫所有行模式的方法。
Foam in porous media is discontinuous on a length scale that overlaps with pore dimensions. This foam-bubble microstructure determines the flow behavior of foam in porous media and, in turn, the flow of gas and liquid. Modeling of foam displacement has been frustrated because empirical extensions of the conventional continuum and Newtonian description of fluids in porous media do not reflect the coupling of foam-bubble microstructure and foam theology. We report a mechanistic model for foam displacement in porous media that incorporates pore-level mechanisms of foam generation, coalescence, and transport in the transient Bow of aqueous foams. A mean-size foam-bubble conservation equation, along with the traditional reservoir/groundwater simulation equations, provides the foundation for our mechanistic foam-displacement simulations. Since foam mobility depends heavily upon its texture, the bubble population balance is both useful and necessary, as the role of foam texture must be incorporated into any model which seeks to predict foam flow accurately. Our model employs capillary-pressure-dependent kinetic expressions for lamellae generation and coalescence, and incorporates trapping of lamellae. Additionally, the effects of surfactant chemical transport are included. All model parameters have clear physical meaning and, consequently, are independent of Bow conditions. Thus, for the first time, scale up of foam-flow behavior from laboratory to field dimensions appears possible. The simulation model is verified by comparison with experiment. In situ, transient, and steady aqueous-phase liquid contents are garnered in a 1.3 mu m(2) Boise sandstone using scanning gamma-ray densitometry. Backpressures exceed 5 MPa, and foam quality ranges from 0.80 to 0.99. Total superficial velocities range from as little as 0.42 to 2.20 m/d. Sequential pressure taps measure Row resistance. Excellent agreement is found between experiment and theory. Further, we find that the bubble population balance is the only current means of describing all Row modes of foam self-consistently.