Get Ready for Being Chauffeured
Get Ready for Being Chauffeured
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DOI：
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Baumann
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kristin Mühl;Christoph Strauch;Christoph Grabmaier;Susanne Reithinger;A. Huckauf;M. Baumann
目的我们调查乘客的信任和偏好，使用主观的，定性的，和心理生理学的措施，而由人类或自动驾驶的实地研究和驾驶模拟器实验。背景在自动驾驶研究中，乘客的视角在很大程度上被忽视了，尽管从主动驾驶员到被动乘客的角色转变是无可争议的。对乘客对自动驾驶汽车的评价的调查往往与主动手动驾驶体验有关，而不是与人类驾驶进行比较。方法我们进行了探索性的实地研究，使用自主研究车（N = 11）和后续的实验驾驶模拟（N = 24）。参与者被一个人和一个坐在乘客座位上的自主代理人驾驶在同一条路线上。皮肤电导，信任和定性特征的感知驾驶情况进行了评估。此外，在模拟器中评估了驾驶风格（防御型与运动型）的影响。结果两项调查均显示主观信任度与皮肤电导之间存在密切关系，与控制中的自动化相比，人类的信任度增加，唤醒度下降。尽管在模拟器中，由人类和自动驾驶时的驾驶行为是等同的，但乘客最喜欢和信任人类防御型驾驶员。结论驾驶风格和人类或自动驾驶汽车控制的个人偏好影响信任和主观驾驶特征。应用-研究结果是适用于人类自动化研究，提醒不要忽视主观归因和心理生理反应的结果，归因于控制职责有关的具体执行特征。
Objective We investigated passenger’s trust and preferences using subjective, qualitative, and psychophysiological measures while being driven either by human or automation in a field study and a driving simulator experiment. Background The passenger’s perspective has largely been neglected in autonomous driving research, although the change of roles from an active driver to a passive passenger is incontrovertible. Investigations of passenger’s appraisals on self-driving vehicles often seem convoluted with active manual driving experiences instead of comparisons with being driven by humans. Method We conducted an exploratory field study using an autonomous research vehicle (N = 11) and a follow-up experimental driving simulation (N = 24). Participants were driven on the same course by a human and an autonomous agent sitting on a passenger seat. Skin conductance, trust, and qualitative characteristics of the perceived driving situation were assessed. In addition, the effect of driving style (defensive vs. sporty) was evaluated in the simulator. Results Both investigations revealed a close relation between subjective trust ratings and skin conductance, with increased trust and by trend reduced arousal for human compared with automation in control. Even though driving behavior was equivalent in the simulator when being driven by human and automation, passengers most preferred and trusted the human-defensive driver. Conclusion Individual preferences for driving style and human or autonomous vehicle control influence trust and subjective driving characterizations. Application The findings are applicable in human-automation research, reminding to not neglect subjective attributions and psychophysiological reactions as a result of ascribed control duties in relation to specific execution characteristics.