Kedarnath disaster 2013: causes and consequences using remote sensing inputs
Kedarnath disaster 2013: causes and consequences using remote sensing inputs
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DOI：
10.1007/s11069-015-2076-0
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发表时间：
2016-03
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
P. K. Champati ray;S. L. Chattoraj;M. S. Bisht;S. Kannaujiya;K. Pandey;Ajanta Goswami
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. K. Champati ray;S. L. Chattoraj;M. S. Bisht;S. Kannaujiya;K. Pandey;Ajanta Goswami
2013年6月16日晚至17日上午，由于山体滑坡和山洪暴发，基达纳特遭到破坏，北阿坎德有5000多人死亡。由于缺乏足够的目击者和监测系统，从16日晚上到12小时，直到17日早上的最后一场洪水，到底发生了什么一直是一个猜测的话题。地球观测技术提供了关于降水、滑坡、积雪的信息和其他辅助数据，如不同分辨率的数字高程模型。利用这些空间信息沿着有限的目击者和媒体报道，试图重建导致Mandakini上游山谷破坏的事件，其主要目的是在未来发生类似灾难时改善响应并尽量减少损失。研究表明，有两个不同的事件，由10 - 12小时的时间间隔：第一个事件是由一系列的滑坡，河流封锁，突破，洪水和河岸故障触发，而第二个事件主要是与Chorabari塔尔湖突发洪水沿着与相关的滑坡和河岸侵蚀。滑坡灾害的综合评价需要采用数值模拟方法进行基于过程的建模。本研究的目的是侧重于分析滑坡/泥石流运动和模拟发生在Kedarnath事件的滑坡，导致重要的流动参数的推导，以更接近破坏的根本原因。独特的地貌环境在最近的事件中发生了重大变化，为今后对损害和补救措施进行严格评估提供了宝贵的投入。与Gohna Tal（在Birahi Ganga，Alaknanda的一条支流）滑坡湖溃决洪水相比，对该事件提供了更深入的了解，并揭示了防备如何减少这种自然灾害的影响。
Kedarnath was devastated on 16th evening–17th morning (June 2013) due to landslides and flash floods that killed more than 5000 people in Uttarakhand. What really happened on 16th evening through next 12 h till final deluge on 17th morning has been a subject of speculation due to lack of sufficient eye witness and monitoring system. Earth observation techniques have provided information on precipitation, landslides, snow cover and other ancillary data such as digital elevation models at varying resolution. Using such spatial information along with limited eye witness and media reports, an attempt is made to reconstruct events that led to destruction in upper Mandakini valley with prime aim to improve response and minimise damage in the event of similar disaster in future. The study has revealed that there were two distinct events separated by a time gap of 10–12 h: the first event was triggered by series of landslides, river blockades, breaching, flooding and river bank failures, whereas the second event was mainly associated with Chorabari Tal Lake outburst flooding along with associated landslides and bank erosion. Comprehensive assessment of landslide hazard requires process-based modelling using numerical simulation methods. The present study aims to focus on analysis of landslides/debris flow movements and simulate landslides that occurred in Kedarnath event leading to derivation of important flow parameters to get closer to the root cause of the devastation. The unique geomorphological setting, which has changed significantly in the recent event, provides valuable inputs for critical assessment of damage and remedial measures in future. Comparison with Gohna Tal (in Birahi Ganga, a tributary of Alaknanda) landslide lake outburst flooding has provided closer insight on the event and it revealed how preparedness can reduce the impact of such natural disasters.