Morphology in the Muskogean languages

Morphology in the Muskogean languages
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马斯科基语言的词法

DOI:
10.1111/lnc3.12227
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发表时间:
2016
影响因子:
2.5
通讯作者:
Fitzgerald, Colleen M.
Fitzgerald, Colleen M.
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Fitzgerald, Colleen M.

文献摘要

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美洲的土著语言体现了许多不常见的类型学模式,特别是在它们的词法上。在这里,丰富的形态学通过美国东南部的马斯科基语来说明。马斯科基语是粘连的,但在对其形态学的分析中出现了更有趣和不寻常的模式。这些包括减法形态学、补充、内固定、近似和超节段的使用。这些形态模式表现出相当的复杂性。在叙述和对话中,屈折动词通常反映不止一种形态过程。这种形态的复杂性也表现出非线性的特征,有韵律但不符合整齐的韵律边界,在语法类别和表面段或超段之间没有直接的对应关系,或者具有以上一种特征。七种马斯科基语中的六种目前仍被流利的第一语言使用者使用,许多代表这些语言的部落国家正在与语言学家合作,参与正在进行的文献记录和振兴工作。因此,尽管它们处于高度濒危状态,但优秀的现有文献和研究中的新问题为收集更复杂的屈折形式创造了机会,这将丰富形态学模型和形态学理论,同时具有更广泛的影响,比如支持部落语言的复兴。
The indigenous languages of the Americas exemplify a number of uncommon typological patterns, especially in their morphology. Here, that rich morphology is illustrated via the Muskogean languages of the southeastern United States. Muskogean languages are agglutinative, but even more interesting and uncommon patterns emerge in an analysis of their morphology. These include subtractive morphology, suppletion, infixation, ablaut, and the use of suprasegmentals. These morphological patterns present considerable complexity. Inflected verbs in narratives and conversation often reflect more than one of the morphological processes. This morphological complexity also demonstrates characteristics of being nonlinear, of being prosodic yet not aligning with neat prosodic boundaries, of not having direct correspondence between grammatical categories and surface segments or suprasegmentals, or having more than one of those characteristics. Six of the seven Muskogean languages are still currently spoken by fluent first language speakers, and many of the tribal nations who represent these languages are involved in ongoing documentation and revitalization efforts, often in partnership with linguists. Thus, despite their highly endangered status, excellent existing documentation and new questions in research create an opportunity to collect even more intricate inflected forms that will enrich models of morphology and morphological theory while having broader impacts, like supporting tribal language revitalization.
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