Energy intake, ghrelin, and cholecystokinin after different carbohydrate and protein preloads in overweight men
Energy intake, ghrelin, and cholecystokinin after different carbohydrate and protein preloads in overweight men
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DOI：
10.1210/jc.2005-1856
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发表时间：
2006-04-01
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Clifton, PM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bowen, J;Noakes, M;Clifton, PM
背景：饮食蛋白质似乎比碳水化合物更令人满足。目的：比较不同蛋白质和碳水化合物对食欲和食欲调节激素指标的急性影响。设计：这是一项随机交叉研究，4种口服前负荷后采血(+15，30，45，60，90,120,180min)，背景：研究在一家门诊诊所进行。患者和其他参与者：19名超重男性(体重指数32.1+/-0.9 kg/m(2))。干预：液体预负荷(1MJ)含有乳清(55g)、酪蛋白(55g)、乳糖(56g)或葡萄糖(56g)。主要观察指标：血浆Ghrelin、CCK、胰岛素、葡萄糖和氨基酸、胃排空率(血浆对乙酰氨基酚)、食欲评分(视觉模拟评分)、结果：葡萄糖预负荷后能量摄入量比乳糖和蛋白质预负荷高10+/-3%(P<；0.05)，由Ghrelin在120min预测(P<；0.05)。与预测180分钟食欲的葡萄糖和乳糖相比，90分钟蛋白质预负荷后CCK高71+/-6%(P<；0.05)。与酪蛋白相比，乳清预负荷后支链氨基酸略有增加(P<；0.01)，但这与食欲和能量摄入量无关。结论：与葡萄糖相比，乳糖、酪蛋白或乳清的急性食欲和能量摄入量同样降低，这与血浆Ghrelin的差异一致。蛋白质后较高的CCK反应与饱腹感相关，但不影响能量摄入。
Context: Dietary proteins appear to be more satiating than carbohydrate. The mechanism and effect of protein and carbohydrate type are unclear.Objective: The objective of the study is to compare the acute effect of different proteins and carbohydrates on indicators of appetite and appetite regulatory hormones.Design: This is a randomized cross-over study of four orally consumed preloads followed by blood sampling ( + 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 180 min), then a buffet meal.Setting: The study was carried out in an outpatient clinic.Patients and Other Participants: Nineteen overweight ( body mass index 32.1 +/- 0.9 kg/m(2)) men participated.Interventions: Liquid preloads ( 1 MJ) contained whey ( 55 g), casein ( 55 g), lactose ( 56 g), or glucose ( 56 g).Main Outcome Measures: Plasma ghrelin, cholecystokinin (CCK), insulin, glucose and amino acids, gastric emptying rate ( plasma paracetamol), appetite rating ( visual analog scale), and ad libitum energy intake were the main outcome measures.Results: Energy intake was 10 +/- 3% higher after the glucose preload compared with lactose and protein preloads ( P < 0.05), which were predicted by ghrelin at 120 min ( P < 0.05). CCK was 71 +/- 6% higher 90 min after the protein preloads compared with glucose and lactose ( P < 0.05), which predicted appetite at 180 min ( P < 0.05). There was a small increase in branched chain amino acids after the whey preload compared with casein ( P < 0.01), but this was independent of appetite and energy intake.Conclusion: Acute appetite and energy intake are equally reduced after consumption of lactose, casein, or whey compared with glucose, which was consistent with differences in plasma ghrelin. Higher CCK responses after proteins correlated with satiety but did not affect energy intake.