Distance-dependent congestion pricing for downtown zones
Distance-dependent congestion pricing for downtown zones
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DOI：
10.1016/j.trb.2015.02.010
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发表时间：
2015-05
影响因子：
6.8
通讯作者：
C. Daganzo;Lewis J. Lehe
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. Daganzo;Lewis J. Lehe
越来越多的文献利用宏观交通理论来模拟市中心区域的拥挤收费政策。本研究引入了行程长度的异质性到这一分析，并提出了一个基于使用，随时间变化的拥堵收费，缓解拥堵，同时优先考虑较短的行程。与传统的基于行程的通行费不同，该计划旨在使司机支付的费用与他们造成的实际拥堵损害相一致，并因此增加通行费的收益。该计划旨在最大限度地增加在接近理想时间完成行程的人数。基于使用的收费相比，传统的，基于行程的收费，忽略了行程长度。据发现，像行程为基础的收费，适当设计的使用为基础的收费缓解拥堵。但它们比基于行程的通行费更能减少行程延误，而且使用费也少得多。因此，基于使用的通行费使大多数支付者获得了巨大的福利收益。这可能会增加通行费的政治可接受性。
A growing literature exploits macroscopic theories of traffic to model congestion pricing policies in downtown zones. This study introduces trip length heterogeneity into this analysis and proposes a usage-based, time-varying congestion toll that alleviates congestion while prioritizing shorter trips. Unlike conventional trip-based tolls the scheme is intended to align the fees paid by drivers with the actual congestion damage they do, and to increase the toll’s benefits as a result.The scheme is intended to maximize the number of people that finish their trips close to their desired times. The usage-based toll is compared to a traditional, trip-based toll which neglects trip length. It is found that, like trip-based tolls, properly designed usage-based tolls alleviate congestion. But they reduce schedule delay more than trip-based tolls and do so with much smaller user fees. As a result usage-based tolls leave most of those who pay with a large welfare gain. This may increase the tolls’ political acceptability.