Imaging methodologies and applications for nutrition research: what can functional MRI offer?
Imaging methodologies and applications for nutrition research: what can functional MRI offer?
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DOI：
10.1017/s0029665114001530
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发表时间：
2015-05-01
影响因子：
7
通讯作者：
Eldeghaidy, Sally
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Francis, Susan T.;Eldeghaidy, Sally
食物摄入受一个复杂的调节系统的影响，该系统涉及多个大脑区域的各种感觉输入的整合。在过去的十年中，使用功能性MRI（fMRI）的神经成像技术的进步为人类大脑中的这些通路提供了有价值的见解。本文综述了功能磁共振成像的方法，介绍了广泛使用的血氧水平依赖的对比功能磁共振成像和直接测量脑血流使用动脉自旋标记。回顾了大脑对味觉、香气和口腔体感的反应，以及脂肪如何在大脑中被感知和映射到食物的愉悦感和食欲控制的功能磁共振成像研究。表型对个体变异性的影响，在皮层反应的处理，和功能磁共振成像研究的概述调查激素的影响（如肽YY，胆囊收缩素和ghrelin）对食欲相关的大脑过程。最后，在超高场（7T）的MR技术的最新发展进行了介绍，突出的进展，这可以提供功能磁共振成像研究，调查营养研究的神经基础。总之，神经影像学方法提供了有价值的洞察力的机制的味道感知和食欲行为。
Food intake is influenced by a complex regulatory system involving the integration of a wide variety of sensory inputs across multiple brain areas. Over the past decade, advances in neuroimaging using functional MRI (fMRI) have provided valuable insight into these pathways in the human brain. This review provides an outline of the methodology of fMRI, introducing the widely used blood oxygenation level-dependent contrast for fMRI and direct measures of cerebral blood flow using arterial spin labelling. A review of fMRI studies of the brain's response to taste, aroma and oral somatosensation, and how fat is sensed and mapped in the brain in relation to the pleasantness of food, and appetite control is given. The influence of phenotype on individual variability in cortical responses is addressed, and an overview of fMRI studies investigating hormonal influences (e.g. peptide YY, cholecystokinin and ghrelin) on appetite-related brain processes provided. Finally, recent developments in MR technology at ultra-high field (7T) are introduced, highlighting the advances this can provide for fMRI studies to investigate the neural underpinnings in nutrition research. In conclusion, neuroimaging methods provide valuable insight into the mechanisms of flavour perception and appetite behaviour.