Analysis of MABEL Bathymetry in Keweenaw Bay and Implications for ICESat-2 ATLAS
Analysis of MABEL Bathymetry in Keweenaw Bay and Implications for ICESat-2 ATLAS
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DOI：
10.3390/rs8090772
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发表时间：
2016-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Parrish, Christopher E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Forfinski-Sarkozi, Nicholas A.;Parrish, Christopher E.
2018年，美国国家航空航天局（NASA）计划发射冰、云和陆地高程卫星-2（ICESat-2），该卫星配备了一个新的六光束、绿色波长、光子计数激光雷达系统，即先进地形激光高度计系统（ATLAS）。ICESat-2使命的主要目标是测量冰盖高度、海冰厚度和全球生物量。然而，如果能够从ATLAS数据可靠地检索水深测量数据，这将有助于解决许多沿海和内陆水体地区的关键数据需求，包括地图绘制不佳和/或难以进入的地区。此外，可利用ATLAS得出的测深数据来约束从被动、多谱段图像和合成孔径雷达等补充数据得出的测深数据。作为评估ATLAS绘制水深图能力的重要第一步，本研究涉及对多高度计光束实验激光雷达（美宝）（NASA的机载ICESat-2模拟器，在地球资源2号（ER-2）上飞行）的水深进行详细评估高空飞机。开发了一个交互式网络界面美宝查看器，用于识别上级湖Keweenaw湾的底部回报。在对折射和特定通道的高程偏差进行校正后，将美宝水深测量与两年前获得的国家海洋和大气管理局（NOAA）数据进行了比较。结果表明，美宝可靠地探测到最深8米的水深，与参考数据相比，均方根差为0.7米。此外，激光雷达方程的一个版本，预测底部返回信号水平在美宝和测试使用Keweenaw湾数据。未来的工作将需要扩展这些结果的ATLAS，传感器的技术规格变得可用。
In 2018, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is scheduled to launch the Ice, Cloud, and land Elevation Satellite-2 (ICESat-2), with a new six-beam, green-wavelength, photon-counting lidar system, Advanced Topographic Laser Altimeter System (ATLAS). The primary objectives of the ICESat-2 mission are to measure ice-sheet elevations, sea-ice thickness, and global biomass. However, if bathymetry can be reliably retrieved from ATLAS data, this could assist in addressing a key data need in many coastal and inland water body areas, including areas that are poorly-mapped and/or difficult to access. Additionally, ATLAS-derived bathymetry could be used to constrain bathymetry derived from complementary data, such as passive, multispectral imagery and synthetic aperture radar (SAR). As an important first step in evaluating the ability to map bathymetry from ATLAS, this study involves a detailed assessment of bathymetry from the Multiple Altimeter Beam Experimental Lidar (MABEL), NASA's airborne ICESat-2 simulator, flown on the Earth Resources 2 (ER-2) high-altitude aircraft. An interactive, web interface, MABEL Viewer, was developed and used to identify bottom returns in Keweenaw Bay, Lake Superior. After applying corrections for refraction and channel-specific elevation biases, MABEL bathymetry was compared against National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) data acquired two years earlier. The results indicate that MABEL reliably detected bathymetry in depths of up to 8 m, with a root mean square (RMS) difference of 0.7 m, with respect to the reference data. Additionally, a version of the lidar equation was developed for predicting bottom-return signal levels in MABEL and tested using the Keweenaw Bay data. Future work will entail extending these results to ATLAS, as the technical specifications of the sensor become available.