Floret survival in wheat: significance of the time of floret initiation relative to terminal spikelet formation
Floret survival in wheat: significance of the time of floret initiation relative to terminal spikelet formation
复制标题
小麦中小花的存活：小花起始时间相对于末端小穗形成的重要性
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
1982
影响因子：
0.6
通讯作者：
W. R. Stern
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
E. Whingwiri;W. R. Stern
摘要 小麦 (Triticum aestivum L.) cv.在两次独立的田间实验中，Gamenya 在地中海型环境中生长，以确定施氮和播种日期对小花存活的影响。两个实验中常见的一种处理是氮水平和播种日期中间的处理。估计小穗萌生的速率和持续时间以及小花萌生期的持续时间。在成熟时，测量产量和产量成分，并记录奇数小穗上每个小花位置处单个谷粒的出现情况。检查了小花起始相对于末端小穗形成的时间以及随后出现的籽粒。小花首先在小穗 5-13 中发育，最后在小穗 1 中发育。添加的氮加速了小花的萌生，但不影响萌生的数量；它还增加了每个小穗的谷粒数量。在最后一个播期处理中，开花时间缩短，但开花顺序不受影响。分蘖上的小花和籽粒数量少于主枝上的。所有开始发育的小花中只有约 28% 发育成谷物。主要结论是，在顶生小穗之前萌生的小花形成谷粒，而在顶生小穗之后萌生的小花则没有；因此，我们假设花轴和小花之间的维管系统随着小花的萌芽而发育，但在终生小穗形成后，这种维管系统受到抑制，并且随后的谷粒无法发育。
SUMMARY Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cv. Gamenya was grown in a Mediterranean type environment in two separate field experiments, to determine the effects of nitrogen application and date of seeding on floret survival. One treatment, intermediate in nitrogen level and sowing date, was common in both experiments. Rates and durations of spikelet initiation and durations of the floret initiation period were estimated. At maturity, yield and yield components were measured and occurrence of individual grains at each floret position on odd-numbered spikelets were recorded. The time of floret initiation relative to terminal spikelet formation and the subsequent occurrence of grain were examined. Florets developed first in spikelets 5-13 and last in spikelet 1. Added nitrogen hastened the initiation of florets but did not affect the number initiated; it also increased the numbers of grains per spikelet. In the last sowing date treatment, time to floret initiation decreased, but the sequence of floret initiation was unaffected. Numbers of florets and grains on tillers were less than on main shoots. Only about 28% of all florets initiated developed into grain. The main conclusion was that the florets which initiated before the terminal spikelet formed grain and those that initiated afterwards did not; we accordingly postulate that the vascular system between the rachis and the floret develops as the floret is initiated, but that after terminal spikelet formation, this is inhibited and further grains then fail to develop.