Zebrafish: from genes and neurons to circuits, behavior and disease.
Zebrafish: from genes and neurons to circuits, behavior and disease.
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斑马鱼：从基因和神经元到电路、行为和疾病。
DOI：
10.1080/01677063.2017.1359589
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Wu,Chun-Fang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chandrasekhar,Anand;Guo,Su;Masai,Ichiro;Nicolson,Teresa;Wu,Chun-Fang
神经遗传学杂志提出了这个特刊题为“斑马鱼：从基因和神经元到电路，行为和疾病”。我们邀请了在感觉和运动系统、神经回路和中枢神经系统（CNS）疾病领域使用斑马鱼模型的同事，对这一问题的最新研究或原创工作进行综述。这期特刊的主要目的是强调斑马鱼模型对于感觉系统的遗传学和分子分析的进步以及理解简单运动和更复杂行为的基因和电路的重要性。将基因与行为和神经系统的功能联系起来一直是神经科学的长期目标。值得注意的是，斑马鱼作为脊椎动物模型越来越受欢迎，以解决神经科学中的基本问题。斑马鱼的主要吸引力是易于遗传操作和转基因，以及鱼类在早期阶段的透明度。随着（i）大规模诱变筛选和（ii）CRISPR技术的可能性，沿着（iii）识别分子通路或下游靶点的转录组学方法，研究人员现在能够在分子水平上对斑马鱼的特定感觉，行为或神经回路进行深入研究。重要的是，表征电路和细胞类型和/或评估神经功能缺陷的新方法正在迅速增加。从历史上看，易于分析的行为涉及简单而强大的反射，如惊吓反应。虽然这些反射行为在测试感觉或运动功能方面仍然很重要（Nicolson，2017; Niklaus & Neuhauss，2017），但其他类型的行为整合了感觉和运动方面，如黑暗回避（Wagle，Nguyen，Lee，Zaitlen，& Guo，2017）和食物摄入（艾伦et al.，2017年）正在被添加到斑马鱼幼虫越来越多的可量化反应列表中。这些发展促进了新基因的发现或人类神经系统疾病的新斑马鱼模型的产生。在本期中，我们对外周和中枢视觉系统的发育和功能进行了综述（Niklaus & Neuhauss，2017; Robles，2017），其中特别关注cGMP依赖性感光细胞变性（Iribarne & Masai，2017）。我们还分享了其他两种感觉细胞类型功能的分子基础的最新信息：听外侧毛细胞（Nicolson，2017），以及一种位于脊椎动物脊髓中的新型传感器，脑脊液接触神经元（Djenoune & Wyart，2017）。感觉毛细胞将机械能（如声音）转换成电信号，并且最近关于机械转导的进展已经
The Journal of Neurogenetics presents this special issue entitled ‘Zebrafish: From Genes and Neurons to Circuits, Behavior and Disease’. We invited colleagues using the zebrafish model in the areas of sensory and motor systems, neural circuits, and central nervous system (CNS) disorders to contribute reviews of recent studies or original work to this issue. The primary goal of this special issue is to highlight the importance of the zebrafish model for advances in the genetics and molecular analyses of sensory systems and for understanding the genes and circuits underlying simple motor and more complex behaviors. Linking genes to behavior and the function of the nervous system has been a long standing goal in neuroscience. Notably, the zebrafish has been increasing in popularity as a vertebrate model to address fundamental questions in neuroscience. The major appeal of zebrafish is the ease of genetic manipulations and transgenesis, and the transparency of the fish at early stages. With the possibility of (i) large-scale mutagenesis screens and (ii) CRISPR technology, along with (iii) transcriptomic approaches to identify molecular pathways or downstream targets, researchers are now able to carry out in-depth studies of a particular sense, behavior or neural circuit at the molecular level in zebrafish. Importantly, new methods to characterize circuits and cell types, and/or to evaluate deficits in neural function are rapidly growing in number. Historically, behaviors that were amenable to analysis involved simple yet robust reflexes such as startle responses. Although these reflexive behaviors are still important in testing sensory or motor function (Nicolson, 2017; Niklaus & Neuhauss, 2017), other types of behaviors integrating sensory and motor aspects, such as dark avoidance (Wagle, Nguyen, Lee, Zaitlen, & Guo, 2017) and food intake (Allen et al., 2017) are being added to the growing list of quantifiable responses in zebrafish larvae. These developments are facilitating the discovery of novel genes or the generation of new zebrafish models of human neurological diseases.In this issue, we present reviews of the development and function of the peripheral and central visual system (Niklaus & Neuhauss, 2017; Robles, 2017), including a special focus on cGMP-dependent photoreceptor degeneration (Iribarne & Masai, 2017). We also share updates on the molecular basis of function of two other sensory cell types: acousticolateralis hair cells (Nicolson, 2017), and a novel type of sensor localized in the spinal cord of vertebrates, the cerebrospinal fluidcontacting neuron (Djenoune & Wyart, 2017). Sensory hair cells convert mechanical energy such as sound into electrical signals, and the recent progress on mechanotransduction has