Detection of Brominated Plastics from E-Waste by Short-Wave Infrared Spectroscopy
Detection of Brominated Plastics from E-Waste by Short-Wave Infrared Spectroscopy
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通过短波红外光谱检测电子废物中的溴化塑料
DOI：
10.3390/recycling6030054
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
S. Serranti
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
G. Bonifazi;L. Fiore;R. Gasbarrone;P. Hennebert;S. Serranti
在这项工作中，评估了短波红外（SWIR：1000–2500 nm）光谱的应用，使用两种不同的技术来识别含有溴化阻燃剂（BFR）的塑料废物：便携式光谱辐射计，提供单点光谱，以及高光谱成像（HSI）平台，获取光谱图像。对塑料废料初步进行X射线荧光（XRF）分析，分析其溴含量。然后应用化学计量方法来识别溴化塑料和聚合物类型。进行主成分分析（PCA）来探索收集的数据并定义最佳预处理策略，然后使用偏最小二乘判别分析（PLS-DA）作为分类方法。塑料碎片分为“高溴含量”（Br > 2000 mg/kg）和“低溴含量”（Br < 2000 mg/kg）。确定的聚合物是丙烯腈丁二烯苯乙烯（ABS）和聚苯乙烯（PS）。与所应用的技术无关，对溴化塑料的正确识别率达到了 89-90%，而对聚合物类型的正确识别率达到了 81% 至 89%。该研究表明，可以设想在工业水平和/或实验室规模上系统地利用这两种方法进行质量控制，特别是考虑到它们的易用性和较短的检测响应。
In this work, the application of Short-Wave Infrared (SWIR: 1000–2500 nm) spectroscopy was evaluated to identify plastic waste containing brominated flame retardants (BFRs) using two different technologies: a portable spectroradiometer, providing spectra of single spots, and a hyperspectral imaging (HSI) platform, acquiring spectral images. X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) analysis was preliminarily performed on plastic scraps to analyze their bromine content. Chemometric methods were then applied to identify brominated plastics and polymer types. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was carried out to explore collected data and define the best preprocessing strategies, followed by Partial Least Squares—Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA), used as a classification method. Plastic fragments were classified into “High Br content” (Br > 2000 mg/kg) and “Low Br content” (Br < 2000 mg/kg). The identified polymers were acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and polystyrene (PS). Correct recognition of 89–90%, independently from the applied technique, was achieved for brominated plastics, whereas a correct recognition ranging from 81 to 89% for polymer type was reached. The study demonstrated as a systematic utilization of both the approaches at the industrial level and/or at laboratory scale for quality control can be envisaged especially considering their ease of use and the short detection response.