Divergent Residential Pathways from Flood-Prone Areas: How Neighborhood Inequalities Are Shaping Urban Climate Adaptation
Divergent Residential Pathways from Flood-Prone Areas: How Neighborhood Inequalities Are Shaping Urban Climate Adaptation
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DOI：
10.1093/socpro/spab059
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发表时间：
2021-09-24
期刊：
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Brown, Phylicia Lee
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Elliott, James R.;Loughran, Kevin;Brown, Phylicia Lee
美国各地的洪水风险正在上升，使越来越多的房屋的经济和社会价值处于危险之中。作为回应，联邦政府正在资助购买和拆除最危险地区的住房，心照不宣地推动住宅重新安置作为一种适应气候的战略，特别是在城市。尽管有这些发展，人们在进行这种重新安置时搬到哪里，或者这个问题的答案如何因其洪水易发社区的种族和经济状况而异，人们对此知之甚少。本研究开始填补这一空白。我们引入了一个新的类型分类环境安置沿着两个社会空间维度的社区附件：（a）从一个人的洪水易发家庭的距离;（B）平均距离安置类似搬迁的邻居。接下来，我们分析了来自德克萨斯州哈里斯县（休斯顿的城市核心）39个社区的1,572名接受政府资助收购的房主的数据。结果表明，业主从更优越的社区重新安置更接近他们的洪水易发的家园和彼此，从而有助于维护他们的家园的社会和经济价值;业主从较不优越的地区最终远离两者。了解政府资助的城市气候适应的社会不公平的影响进行了讨论。
Flood risks are rising across the United States, putting the economic and social values of growing numbers of homes at risk. In response, the federal government is funding the purchase and demolition of housing in areas of greatest jeopardy, tacitly promoting residential resettlement as a strategy of climate adaptation, especially in cities. Despite these developments little is known about where people move when they engage in such resettlement or how answers to that question vary by the racial and economic status of their flood-prone neighborhoods. The present study begins to fill that gap. We introduce a new typology for classifying environmental resettlement along two socio-spatial dimensions of community attachment: (a) distance moved from one's flood-prone home; and (b) average distance resettled from similarly relocated neighbors. Next, we analyze data from 1,572 homeowners who accepted government-funded buyouts across 39 neighborhood areas in Harris County, Texas - Houston's urban core. Results indicate that homeowners from more privileged neighborhoods resettle closer to their flood-prone homes and to one another, thus helping to preserve the social and economic value of their homes; homeowners from less privileged areas end up farther away from both. Implications for understanding social inequities in government-funded urban climate adaptation are discussed.