Effects of Dietary Fiber Sources during Gestation on Stress Status, Abnormal Behaviors and Reproductive Performance of Sows
Effects of Dietary Fiber Sources during Gestation on Stress Status, Abnormal Behaviors and Reproductive Performance of Sows
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DOI：
10.3390/ani10010141
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发表时间：
2020-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Deng, Jinping
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Huang, Shuangbo;Wei, Jianfu;Deng, Jinping
本研究旨在通过体外-体内方法评价两种非常规膳食纤维资源（抗性淀粉和发酵大豆纤维）对母猪繁殖性能的影响，以促进其在农村畜牧业生产系统中的应用。结果表明，在妊娠期日粮中添加5%的膨胀力较大的抗性淀粉，有利于提高母猪的餐后饱腹感，缓解应激状态，减少异常行为，从而降低死胎率。本研究采用体内外结合的方法，在3种不同的日粮处理下，评价妊娠期两种非常规膳食纤维资源对母猪日粮理化性质、餐后饱腹感、生产性能、异常行为、应激状态和泌乳期采食量的影响：对照饮食（CON饮食）、5%抗性淀粉饮食（RS饮食）和5%发酵大豆纤维饮食（FSF饮食），总共78头（平均产次5）长白猪×约克郡母猪。结果表明，在RS饮食中的膨胀能力高于CON或FSF饮食。同时，妊娠期饲料体外发酵后的48 h累积产气量和最终渐近产气量在RS饲料中与CON或FSF饲料相比呈增加趋势（分别为p = 0.07，p = 0.09）。妊娠期3个处理对母猪的产仔数、体重、背膘厚和断奶至发情间隔均无影响（p > 0.05），但RS组死胎数和死胎率显著低于其他两组（p < 0.05和p < 0.01）。同时，妊娠70天时，RS组的站立比例低于CON或FSF组，而血清PYY（肽YY）和GLP-1（胰高血糖素样肽-1）浓度高于CON或FSF组（p < 0.05）。与CON组相比，RS组母猪妊娠70天血浆皮质醇浓度呈下降趋势（p = 0.07）。氧化和抗氧化指标的比较显示，与CON组相比，RS或FSF组在妊娠第109天母猪的血清FRAP（铁离子还原抗氧化能力）增加（p <0.05），蛋白质羰基减少（p < 0.05）。总体而言，在妊娠期日粮中添加具有较大膨胀能力的5% RS有助于增强母猪的餐后饱腹感，缓解应激状态，减少异常行为，从而降低母猪的死胎率。
Simple Summary This study aimed to appraise the effects of two available unconventional dietary fiber resources (resistant starch and fermented soybean fiber) on sows' reproductive performance through an in vitro-in vivo method to facilitate their application in the rural livestock production systems. Results indicated that inclusion of 5% resistant starch with greater swelling capacity in the gestation diet was beneficial to enhancing postprandial satiety, alleviating stress status, reducing abnormal behaviors and thus lowering the stillbirth rate of sows.Abstract Inclusion of fiber in gestation diets is a method for enhancing satiety and reducing abnormal behaviors in restricted feeding sows without providing excess energy. The purpose of this study was to use an in vitro-in vivo method to appraise the effects of two available unconventional dietary fiber resources during gestation on sows' physio-chemical properties of diets, postprandial satiety, performance, abnormal behaviors, stress status and lactation feed intake under three different dietary treatments: control diet (CON diet), 5% resistant starch diet (RS diet), and 5% fermented soybean fiber diet (FSF diet) with a total of 78 (average parity 5) Landrace x Yorkshire sows. Results showed that swelling capacity was higher in the RS diet than in the CON or FSF diet. Meanwhile, the 48 h cumulative gas production and the final asymptotic gas volume after in vitro fermentation of gestation diets showed an increased trend (p = 0.07, p = 0.09, respectively) in the RS diet versus the CON or FSF diets. While the sows' litter size, body weight, backfat or weaning-to-estrus interval were not affected (p > 0.05) by the three treatments during gestation, the RS group showed a decline in stillbirth number (p < 0.05) and stillbirth rate (p < 0.01) relative to the other two groups. Meanwhile, the proportion of standing was lower while the sow's serum concentrations of PYY (peptide YY) and GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1) were higher (p < 0.05) on day 70 of gestation in the RS group than in the CON or FSF group. Compared with the CON group, the RS group showed a downward tendency (p = 0.07) in the sows' plasma cortisol concentration on day 70 of gestation. A comparison of oxidative and antioxidative indicators revealed an increase in the sows' serum FRAP (ferric ion reducing antioxidant power) (p < 0.05) and a decrease of protein carbonyl (p < 0.05) on day 109 of gestation in the RS or FSF group versus the CON group. Overall, inclusion of 5% RS with greater swelling capacity in the gestation diet contributed to enhancing the postprandial satiety, alleviating the stress status, reducing the abnormal behaviors and thus lowering the stillbirth rate of sows.