Sources of Local Time Asymmetries in Magnetodiscs

Sources of Local Time Asymmetries in Magnetodiscs
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磁盘中本地时间不对称的来源

DOI:
10.1007/s11214-015-0145-z
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发表时间:
2015
影响因子:
10.3
通讯作者:
Arridge C
Arridge C
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Arridge C

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木星和土星上快速旋转的磁层在大多数当地时间都包含一个接近赤道的薄电流片,称为磁碟,类似于一条包裹的磁尾。在木星和土星的“先锋号”、“旅行者号”、“尤利西斯号”、“伽利略号”、“卡西尼号”和“新视野号”宇宙飞船提供了大量的数据集,通过这些数据集可以在观测上识别这些磁碟中的局部时间不对称性。来自地面和天基仪器的红外线和紫外线成像也揭示了极光中局部时间不对称的存在,因此必须映射到磁层中的局部时间不对称。在(i)磁场和磁层电流的结构中发现了不对称性,其中在正午和黄昏扇区发现了较厚的圆盘;(ii)等离子体流动,其中等离子体流动具有局部时变径向分量;(iii)黄昏区较厚的等离子层。许多这些特征也在全球MHD模拟中重现。已经开发了几种模型来解释这些不同的观测结果,通常分为两组:一类是与太阳风耦合的模型(通过重连或粘性过程),另一类是在不对称的外部边界内运行的内部旋转过程。在本文中,我们回顾了这些原位观测结果,回顾了试图解释它们的模型,并强调了未来工作的开放性问题和方向。
The rapidly rotating magnetospheres at Jupiter and Saturn contain a near-equatorial thin current sheet over most local times known as the magnetodisc, resembling a wrapped-up magnetotail. The Pioneer, Voyager, Ulysses, Galileo, Cassini and New Horizons spacecraft at Jupiter and Saturn have provided extensive datasets from which to observationally identify local time asymmetries in these magnetodiscs. Imaging in the infrared and ultraviolet from ground- and space-based instruments have also revealed the presence of local time asymmetries in the aurora which therefore must map to local time asymmetries in the magnetosphere. Asymmetries are found in (i) the configuration of the magnetic field and magnetospheric currents, where a thicker disc is found in the noon and dusk sectors; (ii) plasma flows where the plasma flow has local time-dependent radial components; (iii) a thicker plasma sheet in the dusk sector. Many of these features are also reproduced in global MHD simulations. Several models have been developed to interpret these various observations and typically fall into two groups: ones which invoke coupling with the solar wind (via reconnection or viscous processes) and ones which invoke internal rotational processes operating inside an asymmetrical external boundary. In this paper we review these observational in situ findings, review the models which seek to explain them, and highlight open questions and directions for future work.
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