Functional biogeography of Neotropical moist forests: Trait–climate relationships and assembly patterns of tree communities
Functional biogeography of Neotropical moist forests: Trait–climate relationships and assembly patterns of tree communities
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DOI：
10.1111/geb.13309
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发表时间：
2021-05
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
B. Pinho;M. Tabarelli;C. Braak;S. Wright;V. Arroyo‐Rodríguez;Maíra Benchimol;Bettina M. J. Engelbrecht-Bettina-M.-J.-E
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作者：
B. Pinho;M. Tabarelli;C. Braak;S. Wright;V. Arroyo‐Rodríguez;Maíra Benchimol;Bettina M. J. Engelbrecht-Bettina-M.-J.-E
目的在这里，我们研究了新热带湿润森林纬向分布的区域性树种库的功能分布，并测试了当地群落之间的特征-气候关系。我们预计机会主义策略(获得性特征，小种子)在距离赤道更远的物种池中会出现过多，但在目前更潮湿、更温暖和更季节性的气候中，也会在当地社区的丰富度方面出现。位置新热带。时间周期最近。主要分类群树。方法我们从9个新热带地区的471个样地获得了丰富的数据，其中包括约10万棵树，3417个物种，以及6个功能性状。我们比较了基于发生的性状在区域种库中的分布，并使用群落丰度加权平均(CWMS)评估了当地社区的单一性状-气候关系。多变量性状-气候关系通过双约束对应分析进行评估，该分析既测试了CWMS与气候的关系，也测试了物种分布(由气候空间的生态位质心参数化)与其轨迹的关系。结果区域物种库在功能上没有区别，但机会主义策略在远离赤道的地方群落中占据主导地位，特别是在北半球。气候解释了CWM性状变异的57%，在更季节性、更潮湿和更温暖的气候中，身材较低、林木较轻和树叶较软的物种越来越多地结出较小的种子。主要结论新热带湿润林区物种分布具有相似的功能策略，在当前气候条件的驱动下，当地的聚集过程选择具有不同功能策略的物种。因此，我们可以预期对气候变化的功能性反应是由区域内已经存在的物种相对丰度的变化驱动的。特别是，如果气候变化引发机会主义树种的扩散，拥有最保守特征和大种子的赤道森林可能经历最严重的变化。
AimHere we examine the functional profile of regional tree species pools across the latitudinal distribution of Neotropical moist forests, and test trait–climate relationships among local communities. We expected opportunistic strategies (acquisitive traits, small seeds) to be overrepresented in species pools further from the equator, but also in terms of abundance in local communities in currently wetter, warmer and more seasonal climates.LocationNeotropics.Time periodRecent.Major taxa studiedTrees.MethodsWe obtained abundance data from 471 plots across nine Neotropical regions, includingc. 100,000 trees of 3,417 species, in addition to six functional traits. We compared occurrence‐based trait distributions among regional species pools, and evaluated single trait–climate relationships across local communities using community abundance‐weighted means (CWMs). Multivariate trait–climate relationships were assessed by a double‐constrained correspondence analysis that tests both how CWMs relate to climate and how species distributions, parameterized by niche centroids in climate space, relate to their traits.ResultsRegional species pools were undistinguished in functional terms, but opportunistic strategies dominated local communities further from the equator, particularly in the Northern Hemisphere. Climate explained up to 57% of the variation in CWM traits, with increasing prevalence of lower‐statured, light‐wooded and softer‐leaved species bearing smaller seeds in more seasonal, wetter and warmer climates. Species distributions were significantly but weakly related to functional traits.Main conclusionsNeotropical moist forest regions share similar sets of functional strategies, from which local assembly processes, driven by current climatic conditions, select for species with different functional strategies. We can thus expect functional responses to climate change driven by changes in relative abundances of species already present regionally. Particularly, equatorial forests holding the most conservative traits and large seeds are likely to experience the most severe changes if climate change triggers the proliferation of opportunistic tree species.