Statewide COVID-19 Stay-at-Home Orders and Population Mobility in the United States
Statewide COVID-19 Stay-at-Home Orders and Population Mobility in the United States
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DOI：
10.1002/wmh3.350
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发表时间：
2020-07-29
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Jacobsen, Kathryn H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jacobsen, Grant D.;Jacobsen, Kathryn H.
当SARS-CoV-2开始在美国传播时，许多司法管辖区颁布了呆在家里的命令（也称为就地避难命令，更安全的在家命令或封锁）。根据谷歌的移动数据，到2020年3月底，每个州对中转站、零售和娱乐设施、工作场所、杂货店和药店的访问量都比前两个月少得多。在没有居家订单的州，各目的地类别的访问率平均下降约30%，在有居家订单的州下降约40%。同样，苹果在大城市收到的公共交通、步行和驾驶的路由请求较少，在全州范围内的居家订单下，大都市地区的平均减少率高出10个百分点。即使在没有法律的旅行限制的州，大流行也导致流动性大幅下降，但全州范围的命令是有效的公共卫生政策工具，可以将人员流动减少到自愿行为改变所达到的水平以下。
Many jurisdictions enacted stay-at-home orders (also called shelter-in-place orders, safer-at-home orders, or lockdowns) when SARS-CoV-2 began spreading in the United States. Based on Google mobility data, every state had substantially fewer visits to transit stations, retail and recreation facilities, workplaces, grocery stores, and pharmacies by the end of March 2020 than in the previous two months. The mean decrease in visitation rates across destination categories was about 30 percent in states without stay-at-home orders and 40 percent in states with stay-at-home orders. Similarly, there were fewer routing requests received by Apple in large cities for public transportation, walking, and driving, with a 10 percentage point greater mean reduction in metropolitan areas under statewide stay-at-home orders. The pandemic led to large decreases in mobility even in states without legal restrictions on travel, but statewide orders were effective public health policy tools for reducing human movement below the level achieved through voluntary behavior change.