Service-Oriented Software in the Humanities: A Software Engineering Perspective
Service-Oriented Software in the Humanities: A Software Engineering Perspective
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发表时间：
2009
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通讯作者：
N. Gold
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作者：
N. Gold
软件工程，作为计算机科学更广泛领域的一个分支学科，关注大型复杂软件系统的生产、使用和维护。在第一次检查中，涉及软件工程的管理和技术活动的集合似乎与人文学科的核心研究活动有些正交，更多地关注研究支持软件系统的生产，而不是研究本身。然而，随着数字人文学科中使用的软件规模的增加，越来越清楚的是，软件工程可以通过各种方式为这些学科中正在构建的大规模软件系统提供信息、启发和帮助管理。特别是，服务技术的发展，以帮助生产灵活的商业软件系统，现在不仅为协作数据共享提供了机会，而且也为研究（可能还有创造性）过程本身的建模、捕获、证明和重播提供了机会。本文从一个对数字人文学科相对陌生的软件工程师的角度，探讨了如何利用面向服务的体系结构的最新发展来实现艺术和人文学科中数字探究的新方法。本文的第一部分简要介绍了软件工程的历史，特别提到了导致面向服务的体系结构的各个方面。在第二部分中，本文提供了一些关于如何使用面向服务的体系结构的某些方面来实现艺术和人文学科中基于计算机的新型研究和实践的想法。它还在这一领域提出了重要的国家倡议，例如监委会高等教育电子框架方案。
Software Engineering, as a sub-discipline of the broader field of computer science, is concerned with the production, use, and maintenance of large, complex software systems. On first inspection, the set of managerial and technical activities involved in software engineering appears to be somewhat orthogonal to core research activity in the humanities, being concerned more with the production of research-enabling software systems than the research itself. However, as the scale of software used in digital humanities has increased, it is becoming clear that there are ways in which software engineering can inform, inspire, and aid in the management of the larger-scale software systems now being constructed in these disciplines. In particular, the development of service technology to aid in the production of flexible software systems for business now offers opportunities, not only for collaborative data sharing, but also the modelling, capture, provenancing, and replay of the research (and possibly creative) process itself. This paper examines, from the perspective of a software engineer relatively new to the digital humanities, how the recent developments in service-oriented architectures could be used to enable new approaches to digital enquiry in the arts and humanities. The first part of the paper presents a brief history of software engineering, with particular reference to the aspects that have led to service-oriented architectures. In the second part, the paper offers some thoughts on how certain aspects of service-oriented architectures could be used to enable new kinds of computer-based research and practice in the arts and humanities. It also introduces important national initiatives in this area, such as the JISC e-Framework programme for Higher Education.