A Comparison of Task-Based and Questionnaire Assessments of Executive Control Aspects in Relation to Adolescent Marijuana Initiation.
A Comparison of Task-Based and Questionnaire Assessments of Executive Control Aspects in Relation to Adolescent Marijuana Initiation.
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DOI：
10.26828/cannabis/2023.01.006
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发表时间：
2023-02-07
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先前的研究将青少年的执行控制（EC）缺陷与大麻使用联系起来，但主要依赖于青少年对EC的自我报告或基于任务的EC，并且关注EC的有限方面，通常是抑制性控制。我们研究了EC的三个既定方面（抑制控制、工作记忆和灵活移动）的独特关联，评估了实验室任务的表现和与大麻起始相关的自我报告。参与者是来自美国中西部一个小城市的260名青年（14-18岁），他们参加了一项正在进行的EC发展研究的青少年阶段（从2017年开始），该研究最初于2006年至2012年招募（46%为男性，72%为欧洲裔美国人）。执行控制的三个方面在实验室环境中进行了测量，采用了完善的基于绩效的测量方法和心理测量学健全的自我报告调查工具。在实验室访问期间进行的电话调查中，青少年还提供了大麻开始的自我报告。多元logistic回归分析表明，以绩效为基础的任务衡量的灵活移动与大麻起始呈负相关且唯一相关（AOR = 0.68, 95% CI = 0.48 - 0.91），自我报告的抑制控制缺陷与大麻起始呈正相关（AOR = 1.92, 95% CI = 1.15 - 3.21）。虽然还需要更大规模的纵向研究，但这项研究的结果表明，鉴别有大麻开始风险的青少年的筛选工作可能依赖于更具成本效益的抑制控制自我报告评估，但更多有价值的信息可以来自更资源密集但敏感的基于性能的灵活转移评估。
Prior research has linked deficits in executive control (EC) to marijuana use in adolescents but has relied either primarily on adolescent self-report of EC or tasked-based EC, and focused on limited aspects of EC, usually inhibitory control. We examined unique associations of three established aspects of EC (inhibitory control, working memory, and flexible shifting) assessed with both performance on laboratory tasks and self-report in relation to marijuana initiation. Participants were 260 youth (ages 14-18 years) from a small Midwestern city in the United States enrolled in the adolescent phase (beginning in 2017) of an ongoing study of EC development recruited originally between 2006 and 2012 (46% male, 72% European American). The three aspects of executive control were measured in a laboratory setting with well-established performance-based measures and with a psychometrically-sound self-report survey instrument. Youth also provided self-report of marijuana initiation in a phone survey administered during their laboratory visit. Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that flexible shifting as measured by a performance-based task was negatively and uniquely associated with marijuana initiation (AOR = 0.68, 95% CI = 0.48 – 0.91), and self-reported deficits in inhibitory control were positively associated with marijuana initiation (AOR = 1.92, 95% CI = 1.15 – 3.21). Although larger-scale longitudinal research is needed, findings of this study suggest that screening efforts to identify youth at risk of marijuana initiation might rely on more cost- effective self-report assessment of inhibitory control, but further valuable information can come from more resource-intensive but sensitive performance-based assessment of flexible shifting.