ParAFEMCap: A Parallel Adaptive Finite-Element Method for 3-D VLSI Interconnect Capacitance Extraction

ParAFEMCap: A Parallel Adaptive Finite-Element Method for 3-D VLSI Interconnect Capacitance Extraction
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ParAFEMCap:用于 3D VLSI 互连电容提取的并行自适应有限元方法

DOI:
10.1109/tmtt.2011.2176137
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发表时间:
2012-02
影响因子:
4.3
通讯作者:
Cai, Wei
Cai, Wei
中科院分区:
工程技术1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Cui, Tao;Chen, Zhiming;Zeng, Xuan;Cai, Wei

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寄生抽取是超大规模集成电路设计中的关键技术之一,广泛用于建立互连线的等效电路模型。在本文中,一个并行自适应有限元方法(AFEM)的电容提取的大规模互连(ParAFEMCap)的开发,以提供极高的并行可扩展性和数值精度。首先,建议ParAFEMCap具有高并行可扩展性的潜力,通过利用几个先进的并行技术,如并行自适应网格细化和动态负载平衡。据作者所知,这是第一个能够在数百甚至数千个CPU内核上并行运行的电容提取场解算器。其次,建议的ParAFEMCap是基于AFEM,这被证明是收敛到电磁问题的精确解在理论上的准最优速率。ParAFEMCap的求解精度可以通过改变后验误差估计器的阈值来轻松控制,而计算时间可以通过增加CPU核心数量来轻松减少。此外,ParAFEMCap被证明具有相同的线性计算复杂度的积分方程方法,这使得它非常有前途的大规模互连问题的电容提取。数值实验表明,ParaAFEMCap算法具有计算效率高、精度高等优点,适用于复杂多层结构大规模互连线的电容提取问题。
Parasitic extraction is one of the key techniques in very large scale integration design that has been widely used to build the equivalent-circuit model of interconnects. In this paper, a parallel adaptive finite-element method (AFEM) for capacitance extraction of large-scale interconnects (ParAFEMCap) is developed to provide extremely high parallel scalability and numerical accuracy. First, the proposed ParAFEMCap has the potential of high parallel scalability by taking advantages of several advanced parallel techniques, such as parallel adaptive mesh refinement and dynamic load balancing. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first capacitance extraction field solver that is able to run in parallel on hundreds and even thousands of CPU cores. Second, the proposed ParAFEMCap is based on the AFEM, which is proven to converge to the exact solution of the electromagnetic problems in a theoretically quasi-optimal rate. The solution precision of ParAFEMCap can easily be controlled by varying the threshold for the a posteriori error estimator, while the computational time can easily be reduced by increasing the number of CPU cores. Moreover, ParAFEMCap is shown to have the same linear computation complexity as those integral-equation methods, which make it very promising for capacitance extraction of large-scale interconnect problems. Numerical experiments will demonstrate that ParAFEMCap has the advantages of high computational efficiency and accuracy for solving the capacitance extraction problem of large-scale interconnects with complex multilayer structures.
使用二分法自适应局部细化四面体网格的并行算法
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