On teams, teamwork, and team performance: Discoveries and developments
On teams, teamwork, and team performance: Discoveries and developments
复制标题
DOI：
10.1518/001872008x288457
复制
发表时间：
2008-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Rosen, Michael A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Salas, Eduardo;Cooke, Nancy J.;Rosen, Michael A.
目的：我们强调了过去50年来团队绩效领域的一些关键发现和发展，特别是在人为因素页面中反映出来的。背景：团队日益成为许多组织的一种生活方式，研究也跟上了步伐。方法：我们从八个发现和五个挑战方面描述了该领域的进展。结果如下：发现涉及共享认知的重要性，共享认知的测量，团队训练的进步，使用合成任务环境的研究，影响团队效率的因素，团队效率的模型，多学科的角度来看，旨在提高团队效率的培训和技术干预。未来几十年面临的挑战包括：更加重视团队认知;可重构、适应性强的团队;多元文化的影响;以及对自然主义研究和更好测量的需求。结论：人为因素的工作对团队、团队合作和团队绩效的科学和实践做出了重大贡献。未来的工作必须跟上组织中越来越多地使用团队的步伐。适用范围：团队科学有助于团队效能，就像个人绩效科学有助于个人效能一样。
Objective: We highlight some of the key discoveries and developments in the area of team performance over the past 50 years, especially as reflected in the pages of Human Factors. Background: Teams increasingly have become a way of life in many organizations, and research has kept up with the pace. Method: We have characterized progress in the field in terms of eight discoveries and five challenges. Results: Discoveries pertain to the importance of shared cognition, the measurement of shared cognition, advances in team training, the use of synthetic task environments for research, factors influencing team effectiveness, models of team effectiveness, a multidisciplinary perspective, and training and technological interventions designed to improve team effectiveness. Challenges that are faced in the coming decades include an increased emphasis on team cognition; reconfigurable, adaptive teams; multicultural influences; and the need for naturalistic study and better measurement. Conclusion: Work in human factors has contributed significantly to the science and practice of teams, teamwork, and team performance. Future work must keep pace with the increasing use of teams in organizations. Application: The science of teams contributes to team effectiveness in the same way that the science of individual performance contributes to individual effectiveness.