SOME FACTORS AFFECTING SURVIVAL OF AIRBORNE VIRUSES
SOME FACTORS AFFECTING SURVIVAL OF AIRBORNE VIRUSES
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DOI：
10.1099/0022-1317-10-3-209
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发表时间：
1971-01-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
BENBOUGH, JE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
BENBOUGH, JE
雾化病毒对相对湿度的反应在很大程度上取决于喷洒病毒所用液体的成分。例如，在中等相对湿度下，从喷雾液中除去盐可以减少Langat病毒（B族虫媒病毒）传染性的丧失。盐类对雾化的塞姆利基森林病毒（a组虫媒病毒）毒性较小，但在较长时间的气溶胶储存后，在较高的相对湿度下，确实会造成一些传染性丧失。多羟基化合物逆转了盐对虫媒病毒的杀病毒作用。从虫媒病毒喷雾悬浮液中去除蛋白质会在相对湿度非常高的气溶胶中迅速丧失传染性，但在相对湿度较低的气溶胶中没有有害影响。脊髓灰质炎病毒和T噬菌体不具有结构脂质，在相对湿度为70%或以上的情况下雾化后仍保持高水平的传染性；在较低的相对湿度下，它们迅速失活。在较低溶质浓度的喷雾液中，这种快速失活进一步增加。脊髓灰质炎病毒和噬菌体的传染性取决于收集气溶胶时的复水方式，而虫媒病毒在气溶胶中的传染性不受复水方式的影响。在气溶胶状态下，大气中的氧气对病毒没有毒性。
The response of aerosolized viruses to relative humidity depended greatly on the composition of the fluid from which the viruses were sprayed. For example, the removal of salts from the spray fluid diminished the loss of infectivity of Langat virus (a group B arbovirus) at intermediate relative humidities. Salts were less toxic towards aerosolized Semliki Forest virus (a group A arbovirus) but did cause some loss of infectivity at higher relative humidities after prolonged storage of the aerosol. Polyhydroxy-compounds reversed the virucidal effects of salts on arboviruses. The removal of protein from the spray suspensions of arboviruses caused rapid loss of infectivity in the aerosol at very high relative humidities but had no detrimental effect at lower relative humidities. Poliovirus and T coliphage, which possess no structural lipid, retained high levels of infectivity following aerosolization at relative humidites of 70% or above; at lower relative humidities they were inactivated rapidly. This rapid inactivation was increased further at lower solute concentrations of the spray fluid.The infectivities of aerosolized polioviruses and coliphages depended on the mode of rehydration during collection of the aerosols, but the infectivities of arboviruses in aerosols were unaffected by this. Atmospheric oxygen was not toxic to viruses in the aerosol state.