Food Insecurity And Health Outcomes
Food Insecurity And Health Outcomes
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DOI：
10.1377/hlthaff.2015.0645
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发表时间：
2015-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
9.7
通讯作者：
Ziliak, James P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gundersen, Craig;Ziliak, James P.
在美国，近5000万人处于粮食不安全状态，这使得粮食不安全成为美国主要的健康和营养问题之一。我们研究了最近的研究证据，食品不安全对儿童，非老年人和老年人的健康后果在美国。为此，我们首先概述了如何衡量该国的粮食不安全状况，然后介绍了粮食不安全状况的最新趋势。然后，我们提出了一个调查，最近选定的研究，检查粮食不安全和健康结果之间的关联。我们表明，文献一直发现粮食不安全与健康呈负相关。例如，在控制了混杂的风险因素后，研究发现，与粮食安全的儿童相比，粮食不安全的儿童报告健康状况一般或不佳的可能性至少是两倍，患哮喘的可能性至少是1.4倍;与粮食安全的老年人相比，粮食不安全的老年人在日常生活活动方面受到限制。补充营养援助计划（SNAP）大大降低了粮食不安全的发生率，因此对减少负面健康结果至关重要。
Almost fifty million people are food insecure in the United States, which makes food insecurity one of the nation's leading health and nutrition issues. We examine recent research evidence of the health consequences of food insecurity for children, nonsenior adults, and seniors in the United States. For context, we first provide an overview of how food insecurity is measured in the country, followed by a presentation of recent trends in the prevalence of food insecurity. Then we present a survey of selected recent research that examined the association between food insecurity and health outcomes. We show that the literature has consistently found food insecurity to be negatively associated with health. For example, after confounding risk factors were controlled for, studies found that food-insecure children are at least twice as likely to report being in fair or poor health and at least 1.4 times more likely to have asthma, compared to food-secure children; and food-insecure seniors have limitations in activities of daily living comparable to those of food-secure seniors fourteen years older. The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) substantially reduces the prevalence of food insecurity and thus is critical to reducing negative health outcomes.