Bacteroides fragilis polysaccharide A is necessary and sufficient for acute activation of intestinal sensory neurons
Bacteroides fragilis polysaccharide A is necessary and sufficient for acute activation of intestinal sensory neurons
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DOI：
10.1038/ncomms2478
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发表时间：
2013-02-01
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Kunze, Wolfgang A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Mao, Yu-Kang;Kasper, Dennis L.;Kunze, Wolfgang A.
已知共生体或益生菌会影响神经系统。为了理解所涉及的机制，重要的是测量感觉神经元的反应并识别负责这种相互作用的分子。在这里，我们测试的影响，添加鼠李糖乳杆菌（JB-1）和脆弱拟杆菌的上皮细胞，同时从肠初级传入神经元的电压记录。在应用JB-1的8秒内记录感觉反应，并在15分钟内促进兴奋性。脆弱拟杆菌产生类似的结果，其分离的荚膜外多糖，多糖A。不含脂多糖的多糖A完全模拟母体生物体的神经元效应。缺乏多糖A的突变体脆弱拟杆菌的实验表明，多糖A是必要的和足够的神经元的影响。复杂的碳水化合物还没有被报道作为候选人之间的共生体和主机的这种信号。这些观察结果表明新的神经靶点，并邀请进一步研究细菌碳水化合物作为有益细菌和感觉神经元之间的界间信号分子。
Symbionts or probiotics are known to affect the nervous system. To understand the mechanisms involved, it is important to measure sensory neuron responses and identify molecules responsible for this interaction. Here we test the effects of adding Lactobacillus rhamnosus (JB-1) and Bacteroides fragilis to the epithelium while making voltage recordings from intestinal primary afferent neurons. Sensory responses are recorded within 8 s of applying JB-1 and excitability facilitated within 15 min. Bacteroides fragilis produces similar results, as does its isolated, capsular exopolysaccharide, polysaccharide A. Lipopolysaccharide-free polysaccharide A completely mimics the neuronal effects of the parent organism. Experiments with a mutant Bacteroides fragilis devoid of polysaccharide A shows that polysaccharide A is necessary and sufficient for the neuronal effects. Complex carbohydrates have not been reported before as candidates for such signalling between symbionts and the host. These observations indicate new neuronal targets and invite further study of bacterial carbohydrates as inter-kingdom signalling molecules between beneficial bacteria and sensory neurons.