Dispersal alters soil microbial community response to drought
Dispersal alters soil microbial community response to drought
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DOI：
10.1111/1462-2920.14707
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发表时间：
2019-06-07
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Kittredge, H. A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Evans, S. E.;Bell-Dereske, L. P.;Kittredge, H. A.
微生物群落将在未来经历新的气候。分散现在被认为是微生物多样性和功能的驱动力，但我们对分散如何影响对新气候的反应的理解是有限的。我们通过实验测试了排除空中分散的真菌和细菌如何改变土壤微生物群落对干旱的组成和功能反应。我们操纵分散和干旱收集空气沉积的微生物降水事件后，土壤生态系统进行过滤消毒的雨（无分散）或未经过滤的雨（分散），干旱（25%的环境）或环境降雨6个月。我们通过对16 S和ITS rRNA区域进行测序来表征群落组成，并使用群落水平的生理概况来表征功能。未分散的处理土壤微生物量和代谢多样性较低，但细菌和真菌物种丰富度较高。分散也改变了土壤群落对干旱的反应;干旱对细菌（但不是真菌）群落组成有更强的影响，并诱导更大的功能损失，当分散存在。令人惊讶的是，无论是移民，也不耐旱类群有较高的丰度在分散治疗。我们的实验表明，自然的空中传播率改变土壤微生物的干扰反应。在预测微生物对气候变化的反应时，应考虑扩散率的变化。
Microbial communities will experience novel climates in the future. Dispersal is now recognized as a driver of microbial diversity and function, but our understanding of how dispersal influences responses to novel climates is limited. We experimentally tested how the exclusion of aerially dispersed fungi and bacteria altered the compositional and functional response of soil microbial communities to drought. We manipulated dispersal and drought by collecting aerially deposited microbes after precipitation events and subjecting soil mesocosms to either filter-sterilized rain (no dispersal) or unfiltered rain (dispersal) and to either drought (25% ambient) or ambient rainfall for 6 months. We characterized community composition by sequencing 16S and ITS rRNA regions and function using community-level physiological profiles. Treatments without dispersal had lower soil microbial biomass and metabolic diversity but higher bacterial and fungal species richness. Dispersal also altered soil community response to drought; drought had a stronger effect on bacterial (but not fungal) community composition, and induced greater functional loss, when dispersal was present. Surprisingly, neither immigrants nor drought-tolerant taxa had higher abundance in dispersal treatments. We show experimentally that natural aerial dispersal rate alters soil microbial responses to disturbance. Changes in dispersal rates should be considered when predicting microbial responses to climate change.