Contribution of Li-Ion Batteries to the Environmental Impact of Electric Vehicles
Contribution of Li-Ion Batteries to the Environmental Impact of Electric Vehicles
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DOI：
10.1021/es903729a
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发表时间：
2010-09-01
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Althaus, Hans-Jorg
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Notter, Dominic A.;Gauch, Marcel;Althaus, Hans-Jorg
电池驱动的电动汽车(BEV)在未来的移动场景中发挥着关键作用。然而，人们对锂离子(Li-ion)电池的生产、使用和处置对环境的影响知之甚少。这使得将BEV和内燃机汽车(ICEV)的环境影响进行比较变得困难。因此，编制了锂离子电池的详细生命周期清单和基于Bev的移动性的粗略生命周期分析。研究表明，无论是使用汽油燃料的ICEV还是使用欧洲电力燃料的Bev，机动性的环境负担都取决于运营阶段。电池对电子移动性造成的总环境影响的份额(以EcoIndicator 99分衡量)为15%。锂的提取对锂离子电池组件的影响小于2.3%(EcoIndicator 99分)。电池造成的环境负担的主要因素是生产阳极和阴极所需的铜和铝的供应，以及所需的电缆或电池管理系统。这项研究为更详细的基于电池的电子移动的环境评估提供了可靠的基础。
Battery-powered electric cars (BEVs) play a key role in future mobility scenarios. However, little is known about the environmental impacts of the production, use and disposal of the lithium ion (Li-ion) battery. This makes it difficult to compare the environmental impacts of BEVs with those of internal combustion engine cars (ICEVs). Consequently, a detailed lifecycle inventory of a Li-ion battery and a rough LCA of BEV based mobility were compiled. The study shows that the environmental burdens of mobility are dominated by the operation phase regardless of whether a gasoline-fueled ICEV or a European electricity fueled BEV is used. The share of the total environmental impact of E-mobility caused by the battery (measured in Ecoindicator 99 points) is 15%. The impact caused by the extraction of lithium for the components of the Li-ion battery is less than 2.3% (Ecoindicator 99 points). The major contributor to the environmental burden caused by the battery is the supply of copper and aluminum for the production of the anode and the cathode, plus the required cables or the battery management system. This study provides a sound basis for more detailed environmental assessments of battery based E-mobility.