Glasses of impact origin from Apollo 11, 12, 15, and 16 - Evidence for fractional vaporization and mare/highland mixing
Glasses of impact origin from Apollo 11, 12, 15, and 16 - Evidence for fractional vaporization and mare/highland mixing
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来自阿波罗 11、12、15 和 16 号的撞击玻璃 - 部分汽化和海/高地混合的证据
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发表时间：
1982
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通讯作者：
R. Rudowski
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作者：
J. Delano;D. Lindsley;R. Rudowski
对阿波罗 11 号角砾岩 (10059、10060、10061)、阿波罗 12 号土壤 (12070) 和阿波罗 15 号角砾岩 (15318、15425、15426、15427) 中撞击起源的玻璃进行了电子探针分析。这些玻璃是通过风化层而不是岩石的冲击熔化产生的。已经开发出用于更好地理解和解释冲击玻璃的化学数据的简单概念。这些概念是对早期策略的重大改进，早期策略主要集中在聚类分析上。使用难熔亲石元素的比例，通常与冲击熔化相关的分级汽化的成分效应已被“看穿”，以获得有关玻璃母体风化层中的母海和高地成分的化学信息。该方法也适用于阿波罗 16 号的来自母马的冲击玻璃，以便对 Nectaris 中发生的火山成分类型进行限制。由于冲击玻璃可用于导出对包含多组分风化层的本土岩性的化学限制；这些玻璃的频繁出现以及它们的低质量，使得它们对于未来无人驾驶航天器从存在风化层的行星、卫星和小行星返回少量抓取样本时的研究至关重要。
Electron microprobe analyses have been performed on glasses of impact origin in Apollo 11 breccias (10059, 10060, 10061), Apollo 12 soil (12070), and Apollo 15 breccias (15318, 15425, 15426, 15427). These glasses were produced by shock melting of regolith, rather than of rock. Simple concepts for better understanding and interpreting the chemical data from impact glasses have been developed. These concepts are a significant improvement on earlier strategies, which centered principally on cluster analysis. Using ratios of refractory lithophile elements, the compositional effects of fractional vaporization often associated with impact melting to obtain chemical information about the mare and highland components in the regoliths parental to the glasses have been 'seen through'. This method is also applied to the mare-derived impact glasses from Apollo 16 in order to place constraints on the types of volcanic components occurring in Mare Nectaris. Since impact glasses can be used to derive chemical constraints on the indigenous lithologies comprising multi-component regoliths; the frequent occurrence of these glasses, as well as their low masses, should make them critically important for study when small quantities of grab-samples are returned by future unmanned spacecraft from planets, satellites, and asteroids where regoliths are present.