Dissolution of Ground Basalt and Its Effect on Oxisol Chemical Properties and Cocoa Growth
Dissolution of Ground Basalt and Its Effect on Oxisol Chemical Properties and Cocoa Growth
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玄武岩粉的溶解及其对 Oxisol 化学性质和可可生长的影响
DOI：
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发表时间：
2009
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
S. Omar
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Anda;J. Shamshuddin;C. Fauziah;S. Omar
获得合适且对环境无害的材料来恢复高度风化土壤（例如氧化土）的特性是一项巨大的挑战。进行了一项研究：(i) 确定地面玄武岩增加 Oxisol 负电荷、增加植物养分（钙、镁、钾和钠）以及抑制铝毒性的能力； (ii) 评估玄武岩的施用对可可生长的影响。装有 20 kg pot−1 Oxisol 的盆用不同比例的细磨玄武岩 (<250 µm) 进行处理，并在温室中种植可可 (Theobroma cacao L.) 15 个月。定期对土壤和原位土壤溶液进行取样和分析。随着施用量的增加，研磨玄武岩不断增加土壤 pH 值。碱性阳离子占据的阳离子交换容量随着pH值（土壤pH-pH0）的增加而增加，证实电荷产生的类型主要取决于可变电荷。在任何给定的相似平衡pH值下，不同玄武岩比率的基础阳离子值所占据的阳离子交换容量总是随着玄武岩比率的增加而增加，这表明玄武岩比率的每次增加都会产生“新的负位点”以保留土壤中的阳离子。玄武岩的应用不断释放碱性阳离子，如可交换阳离子和可溶性阳离子（原位溶液）形式的 Ca、Mg、K 和 Na 显着增加所揭示的那样，同时抑制有毒元素（Al 和 Mn）。玄武岩的应用显着改善了可可的生长，这表明玄武岩是一种有前途的材料，可用于恢复高度风化的热带土壤的化学性质。
Obtaining suitable and environmentally sound materials for restoring properties of highly weathered soils (e.g., Oxisols) presents a great challenge. A study was carried out to: (i) determine the ability of ground basalt to increase the negative charge of an Oxisol, increase plant nutrients (Ca, Mg, K, and Na), and suppress Al toxicity; and (ii) assess the effects of basalt application on cocoa growth. Pots containing 20 kg pot−1 of Oxisol were treated with various rates of finely ground basalt (<250 &mgr;m) and planted with cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) in a greenhouse for 15 months. The soils and in situ soil solutions were sampled and analyzed periodically. The ground basalt continuously increased soil pH with increasing application rates. The cation exchange capacity occupied by base cations increased with increasing &Dgr;pH value (soil pH − pH0), confirming that the type of charge generation depends mainly on variable charge. The cation exchange capacity occupied by base cations value for different basalt rates at any given similar equilibrium pH value always increased with increasing basalt rates, suggesting that every increment of basalt rates generated "new negative sites" to retain cations in the soil. Basalt application continuously released base cations, as revealed by the significant increases in Ca, Mg, K, and Na both in the forms of exchangeable cations and soluble cations (in situ solution), with concomitant suppression of toxic elements (Al and Mn). Basalt application significantly improved cocoa growth, suggesting that basalt is a promising material to be used for restoring the chemical properties of highly weathered tropical soils.