Effects of land use on slope runoff and soil loss in the Loess Plateau of China: A meta-analysis
Effects of land use on slope runoff and soil loss in the Loess Plateau of China: A meta-analysis
复制标题
黄土高原土地利用对坡面径流和土壤流失的影响：荟萃分析
DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142418
复制
发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Liu Yifan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhang Xuexian;Song Jinxi;Wang Yirui;Deng Wenjia;Liu Yifan
在黄土高原地区，由于植被恢复模式的不当，大面积人工恢复的植被开始退化，植被配置优化已成为迫切需要。本研究的主要目的是识别和评估坡面径流和土壤流失率，并回顾所有的样地尺度研究在中国黄土高原，通过荟萃分析。根据径流小区资料，分析了自然降雨条件下土地利用方式对年径流量和年土壤流失量的影响。对黄土高原不同气候区土地利用优化进行了评价。样地数据库包含黄土高原55个样地测量点，其中径流样地461个，土壤流失样地535个。裸地年平均径流量（58.57 mm·yr-1）和年土壤流失量（122.06 t·ha-1·yr-1）最高。天然草地和混交林的年径流量最小（<15 mm·yr-1），年土壤流失量最小（<20 t·ha-1·yr-1），降水量为600 mm时，其水土保持效果较好<200 mm and >。当降雨量为400-600 mm时，灌丛的年平均径流量和年土壤流失量最小，分别为21.36 mm·yr-1和13.36 t·ha-1·yr-1，有利于减水减沙。因此，灌丛可作为半湿润气候区的恢复植被类型。土地利用类型决定了土壤年流失量与年径流量与样地长度和坡度的关系。研究结果为评价土地利用变化对水土流失的影响提供了依据，为制定水土保持管理方案提供了依据。
In the Loess Plateau, due to the inappropriate vegetation restoration mode, large areas of artificially restored vegetation began to degrade, thus the optimization of vegetation allocation has become an urgent necessity. The main purpose of this study was to identify and evaluate slope runoff and soil loss rates, and to review all of the plot-scale studies in the Chinese Loess Plateau, by meta-analysis. Based on data collected from the runoff plot, the effect of land use on annual runoff and annual soil loss under natural rainfall conditions was analyzed. The optimization of land use in different climatic regions of the Loess Plateau was evaluated. The plot database contained 55 plot measuring sites in the Loess Plateau, which included 461 runoff plots and 535 soil loss plots. Bare soil was found to have the highest average annual runoff (58.57 mm·yr−1) and annual soil loss (122.06 t·ha−1·yr−1). Natural grassland and mixed forest had the lowest annual runoff (<15 mm·yr−1) and annual soil loss (<20 t·ha−1·yr−1), exhibiting a better effect of soil and water conservation when the precipitation was <200 mm and >600 mm, respectively. When the precipitation was 400–600 mm, shrubland showed the lowest mean annual runoff (21.36 mm·yr−1) and annual soil loss (13.36 t·ha−1·yr−1), which conducive to reducing water and sediment. Therefore, shrubland could be selected as the recovery vegetation type in the semi-humid climatic region. Land-use types determined the relationship between annual soil loss and annual runoff with plot length and slope gradient. These results enabled the assessment of the impact of land-use change on water erosion, providing a basis for formulating soil and water conservation management programs.