A Role for REM Sleep in Recalibrating the Sensitivity of the Human Brain to Specific Emotions
A Role for REM Sleep in Recalibrating the Sensitivity of the Human Brain to Specific Emotions
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DOI：
10.1093/cercor/bhq064
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发表时间：
2011-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Walker, Matthew P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gujar, Ninad;McDonald, Steven Andrew;Walker, Matthew P.
虽然睡眠对认知功能的影响越来越得到证实，但睡眠在调节情感大脑过程中的作用在很大程度上仍然没有得到表征。使用面部识别任务，在这里，我们展示了一天中对愤怒和恐惧情绪的放大反应，没有睡眠。然而，一个干预性的小睡阻止甚至逆转了这种对愤怒和恐惧的负面情绪反应，同时反过来提高了积极（快乐）表达的评级。最有趣的是，只有那些获得快速眼动（REM）睡眠的受试者才表现出对后两种情绪类别的情感反应的重新调节。总之，这些结果表明，特定的人类情绪的评估是不是静态的整个白天清醒的时间间隔，显示出对威胁相关的负面表达的渐进反应。然而，一段睡眠可以逆转这种倾向，快速眼动睡眠降低了对恐惧表情的负面反应，同时促进了对奖励相关积极表情的识别和评级。这些发现支持了这样一种观点，即睡眠，特别是REM神经生理学，可能是控制情绪大脑调节的最佳稳态的重要因素。
Although the impact of sleep on cognitive function is increasingly well established, the role of sleep in modulating affective brain processes remains largely uncharacterized. Using a face recognition task, here we demonstrate an amplified reactivity to anger and fear emotions across the day, without sleep. However, an intervening nap blocked and even reversed this negative emotional reactivity to anger and fear while conversely enhancing ratings of positive (happy) expressions. Most interestingly, only those subjects who obtained rapid eye movement (REM) sleep displayed this remodulation of affective reactivity for the latter 2 emotion categories. Together, these results suggest that the evaluation of specific human emotions is not static across a daytime waking interval, showing a progressive reactivity toward threat-related negative expressions. However, an episode of sleep can reverse this predisposition, with REM sleep depotentiating negative reactivity toward fearful expressions while concomitantly facilitating recognition and ratings of reward-relevant positive expressions. These findings support the view that sleep, and specifically REM neurophysiology, may represent an important factor governing the optimal homeostasis of emotional brain regulation.