The Biology of the Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor System in the Female Reproductive Tract
The Biology of the Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor System in the Female Reproductive Tract
复制标题
DOI：
10.2174/1381612811319250010
复制
发表时间：
2013-08-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Beatriz Motta, Alicia
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Martin Velez, Leandro;Adriana Abruzzese, Giselle;Beatriz Motta, Alicia
燃料传感器，如葡萄糖、胰岛素或瘦素，被认为直接参与调节下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴各水平的生育能力。过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体（PPAR）家族转录因子的发现揭示了脂质/葡萄糖可用性与长期代谢适应之间的联系。PPAR家族成员（α, β / δ， Y）通过与类视黄醇X受体（RXRs）结合到异源二聚体中DNA的特定区域，能够调节几种能量稳态关键调节因子的基因表达，包括几种葡萄糖调节因子（葡萄糖转运体，胰岛素受体，底物胰岛素受体等），以及代谢和内分泌途径，如脂肪生成，类固醇生成，排卵，卵母细胞成熟，黄体的维持，一氧化氮系统，几种蛋白酶和纤溶酶原激活剂等。PPAR三种亚型均在女性生殖道的不同组织中表达，并调控配子发生、排卵、黄体消退和着床过程等。本文从PPAR的内源性和合成配体的生理和病理（如多囊卵巢综合征、着床过程病理、慢性无排卵等）两方面对PPAR的激活机制进行了综述。
Fuel sensors such as glucose, insulin or leptin, are known to be directly involved in the regulation of fertility at each level of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. The discovery of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) family of transcription factors has revealed the link between lipid/glucose availability and long-term metabolic adaptation. By binding to specific regions of DNA in heterodimers with the retinoid X receptors (RXRs), the members of the PPAR family (alpha, beta/delta, Y) are able to regulate the gene expressions of several key regulators of energy homeostasis including several glucose regulators (glucose transporters, insulin receptor, substrate insulin receptor, etc), and also metabolic and endocrine pathways like lipogenesis, steroidogenesis, ovulation, oocyte maturation, maintenance of the corpus luteum, nitric oxide system, several proteases and plasminogen activator among others. All the three PPAR isoforms are expressed in different tissues of the female reproductive tract and regulate gametogenesis, ovulation, corpus luteum regression and the implantation process among others. The present review discusses the mechanisms involved in PPAR activation focusing on endogenous and synthetic ligands of PPAR not only in physiological but also in pathological conditions (such as polycystic ovary syndrome, pathologies of implantation process, chronic anovulation, etc).