Effects of social exclusion on cognitive processes: Anticipated aloneness reduces intelligent thought
Effects of social exclusion on cognitive processes: Anticipated aloneness reduces intelligent thought
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DOI：
10.1037//0022-3514.83.4.817
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发表时间：
2002-10-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Nuss, CK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Baumeister, RF;Twenge, JM;Nuss, CK
三项研究考察了随机分配的社会排斥信息的影响。在所有三项研究中，被告知可能会在生活中孤独结束的人的智力思维(包括智商和研究生考试成绩)都有显著和大幅的下降。在复杂的认知任务中，如费力的逻辑和推理，认知绩效下降；尽管存在社会排斥，但简单的信息处理保持完好。这种影响是特定于社会排斥的，因为那些接受了未来非社会不幸(事故和伤害)预测的参与者在认知测试中表现良好。认知障碍似乎涉及速度(努力)和准确性的降低。这一效应不受情绪的影响。
Three studies examined the effects of randomly assigned messages of social exclusion. In all 3 studies, significant and large decrements in intelligent thought (including IQ and Graduate Record Examination test performance) were found among people told they were likely to end up alone in life. The decline in cognitive performance was found in complex cognitive tasks such as effortful logic and reasoning; simple information processing remained intact despite the social exclusion. The effects were specific to social exclusion, as participants who received predictions of future nonsocial misfortunes (accidents and injuries) performed well on the cognitive tests. The cognitive impairments appeared to involve reductions in both speed (effort) and accuracy. The effect was not mediated by mood.