Does surprise enhancement or repetition suppression explain visual mismatch negativity?
Does surprise enhancement or repetition suppression explain visual mismatch negativity?
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DOI：
10.1111/ejn.13263
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发表时间：
2016-06-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Kovacs, Gyula
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Amado, Catarina;Kovacs, Gyula
使用奇怪的序列进行电生理学研究的悠久传统表明，与罕见的、不频繁的表现(异常)相比，当刺激频繁出现时(标准)，神经对给定刺激的反应是不同的。这种差异最初是在听觉知觉中描述的，也可以在视觉通道中检测到，被称为视觉失配负性(VMMN)。此外，大量研究发现，重复一种特定刺激(重复抑制-RS)后，神经元反应减弱，并认为RS是MMN的主要机制，这一解释目前也得到了动物研究的支持。然而，人类研究表明，对异常刺激的惊喜相关反应增强也可能是vMMN的基础。因此，本研究的目的是理清哪种神经机制能更好地解释vMMN：稀有异常出现时的惊讶相关反应增强，还是标准的频繁出现引起的RS。由于MMN强烈依赖于应用类别，我们使用视觉怪异范式测试了vMMN在不同刺激类别(面孔、椅子、真实和虚假字符)下的神经机制。我们发现每个刺激类别都有显著的vMMN。有趣的是，vMMN背后的神经机制被发现是类别依赖的(假设没有交叉适应效应)：对于面孔和椅子，它主要是由RS驱动的，而对于真实和虚假的角色，它主要是由于与惊喜相关的变化。
A long tradition of electrophysiological studies, using oddball sequences, showed that the neural responses to a given stimulus differ when their presentation occurs frequently (standards) as compared to rare, infrequent presentations (deviants). This difference, originally described in acoustic perception, can also be detected in the visual modality and is termed as visual mismatch negativity (vMMN). Also, a large number of studies detected the reduction of the neuronal response after the repetition of a given stimulus (repetition suppression - RS) and it was suggested that RS is the major mechanism of MMN, an explanation currently also supported by animal studies. However, human studies have proposed that a surprise-related response enhancement for the deviant stimuli might also underlie vMMN. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to disentangle which neural mechanism explains vMMN better: the surprise related response enhancement for the presentation of rare deviants or the RS related to the frequent presentation of the standards. Since the MMN depends strongly on the applied categories, we tested the neural mechanisms of vMMN for different stimulus categories (faces, chairs, real and false characters) using a visual oddball paradigm. We found significant vMMN for every stimulus category. Interestingly, the neural mechanisms behind vMMN were found to be category dependent (assuming no cross-adaptation effects): for faces and chairs it was largely driven by RS, whereas for real and false characters it was mainly due to surprise-related changes.