Competitive Diffusion
Competitive Diffusion
复制标题
竞争扩散
DOI：
10.1086/261920
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发表时间：
1993
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
G. MacDonald
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Boyan Jovanovic;G. MacDonald
本文研究了一个竞争产业的演化过程，在这个产业中，固定数量的企业通过创新和模仿竞争对手的技术来降低成本。随着企业技术的逐步提高，工业产量扩大，价格下降。技术领先者往往依靠创新来降低成本，而落后者则更多地依靠模仿。模仿导致技术从领导者向追随者传播，并随着行业的成熟迫使企业之间的技术趋同。这种趋同伴随着小型企业的快速增长，以及随之而来的企业产出分配的紧缩。由于模仿是一种技术溢出，相对于社会最优，均衡可能涉及创新和模仿努力不足。
This paper studies the evolution of a competitive industry in which a fixed number of firms reduce costs by innovating and by imitating their rivals' technologies. As the firms' technologies gradually improve, industry output expands and price falls. Technological leaders tend to rely on innovations to reduce their costs, whereas the laggards rely more on imitation. Imitation causes technology to spread from the leaders to the followers and forces some convergence of technology among firms as the industry matures. This convergence is accompanied by faster growth of smaller firms and a consequent tightening of the distribution of output over firms. Since imitation is a kind of spillover of technology, equilibrium is likely to involve insufficient innovative and imitative effort relative to a social optimum.