The cyclothymic temperament in healthy controls and familially at risk individuals for mood disorder: endophenotype for genetic studies?
The cyclothymic temperament in healthy controls and familially at risk individuals for mood disorder: endophenotype for genetic studies?
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jad.2003.12.010
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发表时间：
2005-03-01
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Akiskal, HS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chiaroni, P;Hantouche, EG;Akiskal, HS
背景：现代情感障碍的概念越来越多地关注躁狂或抑郁发作边缘的阈值下条件的研究。事实上，资深作者已经提出了从气质到临床发作的一系列情感状况。由于双相情感障碍是一种家族性疾病，因此对双相情感障碍患者的对照和亲属进行环状胸腺气质(CT)检查具有重要意义。方法：我们招募了177名健康的无症状志愿者。这些对照组被分成三组。根据DSM-LV(BPR)，第一组包括100名有阴性家族情感史(NFH)的正常受试者；第二组包括37名有阳性家族史(PFH)的个体；以及40名受试者中的三分之一，至少有一名同胞或一级亲属患有I型双相情感障碍。后两组定义为高危个体。正如资深作者所描述的那样，我们用CT采访了所有的受试者。结果：我们发现BPR受试者与其他受试者之间的CT发生率有统计学意义的差异。CT在PFH中的发生率也高于NFH。此外，CT特征的简单计算在NFH、PFH和BPR内的个体分布上表现出层次性。最后，明确定义的CT和CT特征在女性中占优势。局限性和结论：虽然没有对双相先证者的所有亲属进行研究，但我们的结果显示了情感性障碍家庭中CT的聚集--更具体地说，是具有双相背景的家庭。这些结果使我们能够提出将CT纳入双相情感障碍表型特征的重要性。此外，我们的结果支持双相情感障碍的频谱概念，即在抑郁症和双相情感障碍的亲属中，CT按升序分布。我们认为，这种气质代表了一种行为内表型，是分子遗传学和行为遗传学之间的纽带。(C)2004爱思唯尔B.V.保留所有权利。
Background: The modern concept of affective disorders focuses increasingly on the study of subthreshold conditions on the border of manic or depressive episodes. Indeed, a spectrum of affective conditions spanning from temperament to clinical episodes has been proposed by the senior author. As bipolar disorder is a familial illness, an examination of cyclothymic temperament (CT) in controls and relatives of bipolar patients is of major relevance. Methods: We recruited a total sample of 177 healthy symptom-free volunteers. These controls were divided into three groups. The first one is comprised of 100 normal subjects with a negative familial affective history (NFH); the second of 37 individuals, with positive affective family history (PFH); and a third of 40 subjects, with at least one sib or first-degree kin with bipolar disorder type I according to the DSM-lV (BPR). The last two groups defined at risk individuals. We interviewed all subjects with CT, as described by the senior author. Results: We found a statistically significant difference in the rates of CT between the subjects in BPR versus others. CT was also more prevalent in the PFH compared with NFH. Additionally, the simple numeration of the CT traits exhibited gradation in the distribution of individuals inside the NFH, PFH and BPR. Finally, categorically defined CT and CT traits predominated in females. Limitation and conclusion: Although not all relatives of bipolar probands were studied, our results exhibit an aggregation of CT in families with affective disorder-and more specifically those with bipolar background. These results allow us to propose the importance of including CT for phenotypic characterization of bipolar disorder. Furthermore, our results support a spectrum concept of bipolar disorder, whereby CT is distributed in ascending order in the well-relatives of those with depressive and bipolar disorders. We submit that this temperament represents a behavioral endophenotype, serving as a link between molecular and behavioral genetics. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.