Peer Passengers: How Do They Affect Teen Crashes?
Peer Passengers: How Do They Affect Teen Crashes?
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jadohealth.2011.10.016
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发表时间：
2012-06-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Durbin, Dennis R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Curry, Allison E.;Mirman, Jessica H.;Durbin, Dennis R.
目的：同行乘客增加青少年司机撞车风险的具体机制尚不完全清楚。方法：从2005-2007年的全国机动车碰撞原因调查中，我们分析了具有全国代表性的677名16-18岁驾驶员(加权n=277,484)发生严重事故的样本，比较了青少年驾驶与同伴驾驶和青少年单独驾驶的特定分心相关和冒险相关因素的风险。结果：与男性单独驾驶相比，那些有同龄乘客的人更有可能在撞车前进行攻击性行为(风险比，RR[95%可信区间]=2.36[1.29-4.32])和进行非法动作(RR=5.88[1.81-19.10])；无论乘客性别如何，冒险行为都会增加。与乘客一起遭遇车祸的男性也更有可能被外部因素分散注意力(RR=1.70[1.15-2.51])。相反，有乘客的女性更多地参与至少一次车内非驾驶活动(除了与乘客交谈)(RR=3.87[1.36-11.06])，特别是在与异性乘客一起驾驶时。女性司机，无论有没有乘客，很少在撞车前进行攻击性驾驶或进行非法操作。结论：乘客可能通过分心和风险促进途径影响男性青少年司机撞车，女性参与主要是通过内部分心。这项研究和未来对同行-司机相互作用的研究结果可能会指导与乘客相关的碰撞预防努力的发展，以补充现有的分级驾驶执照乘客限制。(C)2012年青少年健康和医学学会。版权所有。
Purpose: The specific mechanisms by which peer passengers increase teen drivers' crash risk are not completely understood. We aimed to provide insight on the two primary hypothesized mechanisms, distraction and promotion of risk-taking behavior, for male and female teen drivers and further for select driver-passenger gender combinations.Methods: From the National Motor Vehicle Crash Causation Survey (2005-2007), we analyzed a nationally representative sample of 677 drivers aged 16-18 years (weighted n = 277,484) involved in serious crashes, to compare the risk of specific distraction-related and risk-taking-related precrash factors (documented via on-scene crash investigation) for teens driving with peer passengers and teens driving alone.Results: Compared with males driving alone, those with peer passengers were more likely to perform an aggressive act (risk ratio, RR [95% confidence interval] = 2.36 [1.29-4.32]) and perform an illegal maneuver (RR = 5.88 [1.81-19.10]) just before crashing; risk taking increased regardless of passenger gender. Crash-involved males with passengers were also more likely to be distracted by an exterior factor (RR = 1.70 [1.15-2.51]). Conversely, females with passengers were more often engaged in at least one interior nondriving activity (other than conversing with passengers) (RR = 3.87 [1.36-11.06]), particularly when driving with opposite-gender passengers. Female drivers, both with and without passengers, rarely drove aggressively or performed an illegal maneuver before crashing.Conclusions: Passengers may affect male teen driver crashes through both distraction and risk-promoting pathways, and female involvement primarily through internal distraction. Results of this and future studies investigating peer-driver interactions may guide development of passenger-related crash prevention efforts to complement already existing Graduated Driver Licensing passenger restrictions. (C) 2012 Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. All rights reserved.