Measurements of Torsional Oscillations and Thermal Conductivity in Solid 4He

Measurements of Torsional Oscillations and Thermal Conductivity in Solid 4He
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固体 4He 中扭转振荡和热导率的测量

DOI:
10.1007/s10909-012-0665-9
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发表时间:
2012
影响因子:
2
通讯作者:
Zmeev D
Zmeev D
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Zmeev D

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用阻塞毛细管法在环形容器中生长出摩尔体积为19.5cm ~ 3的hcp ~ 4 He多晶样品,其中含有少量的~ 3 He杂质。研究了三种浓度的3 He(x3):同位素纯化的4 He(估计x3 ≤10−10)、“良好级”的氦(x3 ≤ 3×10− 7)和特别制备的混合物(x3 =2.5×10−6)。研究了退火前后的扭振响应和热导率。扭变异常的温度和宽度随x3的增大而增大。退火导致声子平均自由程增加,但往往在扭转振荡器响应的变化不大。虽然扭转异常和声子平均自由程的大小在不同的样品中可能有很大的不同,但它们之间没有相关性;这意味着这两个属性是由不同类型的晶体缺陷控制的。这似乎是合理的,平均自由程的热声子在200 mK的振动位错控制,而扭转振荡的频率偏移的幅度是由静态缺陷,如钉扎位错和晶界。
Polycrystalline samples of hcp4He of molar volume 19.5 cm3with small amount of3He impurities were grown in an annular container by the blocked-capillary method. Three concentrations of3He,x3, were studied: isotopically purified4He with the estimatedx3≤10−10, ‘well-grade’ helium withx3∼3×10−7and a specially prepared mixture withx3=2.5×10−6. The torsional oscillator response and thermal conductivity were investigated before and after annealing. The temperature and width of the torsional anomaly increase with increasingx3. Annealing resulted in an increased phonon mean free path but often in little change in the torsional oscillator response. While the magnitude of the torsional anomaly and phonon mean free path can be very different in different samples, no correlation was found between them; this implies that these two properties are controlled by different types of crystal defects. It seems plausible that the mean free path of thermal phonos at ∼200 mK is controlled by vibrating dislocations while the magnitude of the frequency shift of torsional oscillations is governed by static defects such as pinned dislocations and grain boundaries.
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