Assessment of PM10 concentrations from domestic biomass fuel combustion in two rural Bolivian highland villages
Assessment of PM10 concentrations from domestic biomass fuel combustion in two rural Bolivian highland villages
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DOI：
10.1021/es981242q
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发表时间：
1999-08-01
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Haber, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Albalak, R;Keeler, GJ;Haber, M
PM10浓度在玻利维亚两个使用生物质燃料做饭的对比鲜明的农村村庄进行了测量。在其中一个那些村庄，做饭完全在室内进行，而在另一个村庄，做饭主要在室外进行。所有潜在接触微环境中的浓度（即，家庭、厨房和户外）对总共621个样品进行测量。室内和室外烹饪村庄的厨房PM10几何平均浓度分别为1830和280 μ g/m3，家庭几何平均浓度分别为280和440 μ g/m3。使用广义估计方程技术对污染物浓度进行的分析显示，村庄（室内烹饪vs室外烹饪）（p = 0.0244）、位置（家庭、厨房）（p < 0.0001）以及村庄和位置的相互作用（p < 0.0001）对对数转换的PM10浓度有显著影响。污染物浓度和活动模式数据被用来估计总接触使用间接方法的接触评估。妇女在非工作季节的日暴露量为15 120和6240亩小时（-1）米（-3）的室内和室外烹饪村，分别。仅根据厨房浓度，那些村庄之间的污染暴露差异并不像预期的那么大。这项研究强调，必须测量人们生活的所有微环境中的污染物浓度，并将空气污染研究的重点转移到发展中国家的农村人口。
PM10, concentrations were measured in two contrasting rural Bolivian villages that cook with biomass fuels. In one of the villages, cooking was done exclusively indoors, and in the other, it was done primarily outdoors. Concentrations in all potential microenvironments of exposure (i.e., home, kitchen, and outdoors) were measured for a total of 621 samples. Geometric mean kitchen PM10 concentrations were 1830 and 280 mu g/m(3) and geometric mean home concentrations were 280 and 440 mu g/m(3) for the indoor and outdoor cooking villages, respectively. An analysis of pollutant concentrations using generalized estimating equation techniques showed significant effects of village (indoor cooking vs outdoor cooking) (p = 0.0244), location (home, kitchen) (p < 0.0001), and interaction of village and location (p < 0.0001)on log-transformed PM10 concentrations. Pollutant concentrations and activity pattern data were used to estimate total exposure using the indirect method of exposure assessment. Daily exposure for women during the nonwork season was 15 120 and 6240 mu g h(-1) m(-3) for the indoor and outdoor cooking villages, respectively. Differences in exposure to pollution between the villages were not as great as might be expected based on kitchen concentrations alone. This study underscores the importance of measuring pollutant concentrations in all microenvironments where people spend time and of shifting the focus of air pollution studies to include rural populations in developing countries.