Cosmological consequences of MSSM flat directions
Cosmological consequences of MSSM flat directions
复制标题
MSSM 平坦方向的宇宙学后果
DOI：
10.1016/s0370-1573(03)00119-4
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发表时间：
2002
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
A. Mazumdar
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
K. Enqvist;A. Mazumdar
我们回顾了最小超对称标准模型（MSSM）的平坦方向的宇宙学意义。我们描述了如何场凝聚创建沿着平坦的方向，因为暴胀波动。场凝聚体的后暴胀动力学演化可以在称为阿弗莱克-戴恩重子生成的过程中用B或L给凝聚体充电。凝结波动可以引起绝热和等曲率密度扰动，在未来的宇宙微波实验中可以观察到。然而，在许多情况下，凝聚体不是能量最低的状态，而是碎片，具有许多有趣的宇宙学后果。碎裂是由暴胀引起的微扰触发的，凝聚块最终将形成非拓扑孤子，称为Q球。它们的性质取决于超对称破缺如何传递到MSSM;如果是通过引力，那么Q球是半稳定的，但寿命很长，可以成为所有重子和LSP暗物质的来源;如果是通过规范相互作用，Q球可以是绝对稳定的，并形成可以直接搜索的暗物质。我们还讨论了自相互作用的暗物质，膨胀孤子和额外的维度的背景下，一般的平坦方向和Q球的宇宙学应用。
We review the cosmological implications of the flat directions of the minimally supersymmetric standard model (MSSM). We describe how field condensates are created along the flat directions because of inflationary fluctuations. The post-inflationary dynamical evolution of the field condensate can charge up the condensate with B or L in a process known as Affleck–Dine baryogenesis. Condensate fluctuations can give rise to both adiabatic and isocurvature density perturbations and could be observable in future cosmic microwave experiments. In many cases the condensate is however not the state of lowest energy but fragments, with many interesting cosmological consequences. Fragmentation is triggered by inflation-induced perturbations and the condensate lumps will eventually form non-topological solitons, known as Q-balls. Their properties depend on how supersymmetry breaking is transmitted to the MSSM; if by gravity, then the Q-balls are semi-stable but long-lived and can be the source of all the baryons and LSP dark matter; if by gauge interactions, the Q-balls can be absolutely stable and form dark matter that can be searched for directly. We also discuss some cosmological applications of generic flat directions and Q-balls in the context of self-interacting dark matter, inflatonic solitons and extra dimensions.