Genetic approaches to understanding sugar-response pathways.
Genetic approaches to understanding sugar-response pathways.
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DOI：
10.1093/jxb/erg054
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发表时间：
2003
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
F. Rook;M. Bevan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
F. Rook;M. Bevan
植物作为光自养生物能够产生它们所需的碳水化合物，并且已经发展出协调碳水化合物生产及其代谢的机制。碳水化合物来源的信号调节参与光合作用和代谢的基因的表达，并控制碳水化合物的分配。许多遗传学方法已经开始了解植物中的糖反应途径并确定所涉及的成分。迄今为止的筛选策略是基于高糖培养基对幼苗早期发育的影响，或对酶活性变化或糖反应基因表达的影响。这些筛选已经确定了植物激素在糖反应途径中的作用，特别是脱落酸。目前强调植物激素在糖反应中的作用是由于突变体可以很容易地识别属于这些已建立的途径，但也是由于正在使用的突变体筛选的性质。在识别可能特异于糖信号通路的突变体和基因方面正在取得进展。人们还预计，对现有筛选的修改可能会更直接地针对糖信号通路。遗传方法可能在识别植物特有的新信号通路的组成部分方面特别有用，它们与基因组和分子方法的结合将指导未来的研究。
Plants as photoautotrophic organisms are able to produce the carbohydrates they require and have developed mechanisms to co-ordinate carbohydrate production and its metabolism. Carbohydrate-derived signals regulate the expression of genes involved in both photosynthesis and metabolism, and control carbohydrate partitioning. A number of genetic approaches have been initiated to understand sugar-response pathways in plants and identify the components involved. Screening strategies to date have been based on the effects of high sugar media on early seedling development or on changes in the enzyme activity or expression of sugar-responsive genes. These screens have established roles for plant hormones in sugar-response pathways, in particular for abscisic acid. The present emphasis on the role of plant hormones in sugar responses is due to the fact that mutants could be readily identified as belonging to these established pathways, but also results from the nature of the mutant screens in use. Progress is being made on the identification of mutants and genes that may be specific to sugar-signalling pathways. It is also expected that the modification of existing screens may target sugar-signalling pathways more directly. Genetic approaches may be especially useful in identifying components of novel signalling pathways unique to plants, and their combination with genomic and molecular approaches will guide future research.