Citizen participation in health decision-making: Past experience and future prospects
Citizen participation in health decision-making: Past experience and future prospects
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DOI：
10.2307/3343116
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发表时间：
2002-01-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Dorgan, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Church, J;Saunders, D;Dorgan, M
每隔几十年，政府就会决定，他们需要让公民更多地参与公共决策过程。过去十年发生的重大变化，包括对传统政府机构的信心日益丧失，再次促使政治决策者探索加强公民参与的各种选择。在卫生保健部门，20世纪90年代发生的改革被表述为“提高反应能力”、“改善问责”和“增加公民参与”。在新的千年里，各国政府和区域卫生当局在这一问题上相对保持沉默。与过去一样，对于什么是公民参与以及政府应该如何进行，存在着广泛的意见。由于缺乏概念上的明确性和实际方向，各国政府迟迟没有阐明他们希望实现什么或打算如何实现这一目标。本文的目的是从一系列基本问题的背景下考察公民参与的概念，决策者可以从中得出一些政策相关性。作者没有采取特定的学科观点(即健康促进)，而是选择审查广泛的现有文献，以更好地了解关于公民参与的已知情况，无论是好的还是坏的。因此，这篇论文旨在作为一个起点，在知情的情况下讨论改善公民参与卫生(保健)决策的可能性。
Every couple of decades governments decide that they need to involve citizens more in public decision-making processes. The significant changes that have occurred over the past decade, including a growing loss of faith in the traditional institutions of government, have once again prompted political decision-makers to explore options for enhanced citizen participation. In the health care sector, reforms occurring during the 1990s were couched in terms such as "enhanced responsiveness," "improved accountability," and "increased citizen participation." In the new millennium, governments and regional health authorities have been relatively silent on this issue.As has been the case in the past, a wide range of opinions exist about what citizen participation is and how governments should proceed. Without either conceptual clarity or practical direction, governments have been slow to articulate what they hope to achieve or how they intend to get there.The purpose of this paper is to examine the concept of citizen participation within the context of a series of basic questions from which decision-makers might draw some policy relevance. Rather than taking a particular disciplinary perspective (i.e. health promotion), the authors have chosen to review a broad spectrum of existing literature to provide a better understanding of what is known about citizen participation, both good and bad. As such, the paper is meant to be a point of departure for an informed discussion of the possibilities for improved citizen participation in health (care) decision-making.