Re‐encountering resistance: Plantation activism and smallholder production in Thailand and Sarawak, Malaysia
Re‐encountering resistance: Plantation activism and smallholder production in Thailand and Sarawak, Malaysia
复制标题
再次遭遇阻力：泰国和马来西亚砂拉越的种植园行动主义和小农生产
DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-8373.2004.t01-1-00244.x
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发表时间：
2004
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
K. Barney
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
K. Barney
东南亚出现了反对种植园林的社会和环境运动，使农村发展与当地流离失所和环境退化相对立。多规模的非政府组织网络一直在积极宣传东南亚农村人民一致反对种植发展的观念。然而，这种对抵抗的高度关注存在潜在的陷阱，因为它经常陷入永恒的土著农业实践的本质主义概念，以及对共同财产和保护的毫无疑问的地方保护。只强调抵抗也使人们对整个区域小农广泛参与种植园生产的情况了解甚少。一个有用的方法来接近的复杂性，当地的反应种植园的发展是通过历史的法律的和非正式的资源保有权，在农村政治经济结构调整的分析。借鉴在泰国和沙捞越的研究，我建议，一个更微妙的赞赏的结构性限制和部署的机构，characterise注册农村人口进入种植园商品网络，开辟了新的空间，分析和政治行动，支持权力关系，农村生计和环境政治的地理嵌入式视图。
The emergence of social and environmental movements against plantation forestry in Southeast Asia positions rural devel- opment against local displacement and environmental degradation. Multi-scaled NGO networks have been active in promoting the notion that rural people in Southeast Asia uniformly oppose planta- tion development. There are potential pitfalls in this heightened attention to resistance however, as it has often lapsed into essentialist notions of timeless indigenous agricultural practices, and unprob- lematic local allegiances to common property and conservation. An exclusive emphasis on resistance also offers little understanding of widespread smallholder participation in plantation production across the region. A useful method of approaching the complexity of local responses to plantation development is through the history of legal and informal resource tenure, within an analysis of rural political-economic restructuring. Drawing on research in Thailand and Sarawak, I suggest that a more nuanced appreciation of both the structural constraints and deployments of agency which charac- terise the enrolment of rural people into plantation commodity networks, opens up new spaces for analysis and political action, which supports a geographically embedded view of relations of power, rural livelihoods and environmental politics.