Extracellular matrix and the neural stem cell niche.
Extracellular matrix and the neural stem cell niche.
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DOI：
10.1002/dneu.20970
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发表时间：
2011-11
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
ffrench-Constant C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kazanis I;ffrench-Constant C
基底膜存在于许多干细胞的壁龛中，但我们仍然对这些成分和其他细胞外基质成分的作用知之甚少。在这里，我们回顾了目前关于细胞外基质在神经干细胞巢中的表达和功能的知识，重点是成年中枢神经系统的室管膜下区。细胞外基质分子的复杂性越来越高，干细胞上表达的一些受体已经被鉴定出来。通过遗传学或细胞毒性去除快速分裂的前体来扰乱利基环境的实验，或者使用外植体培养模型来检测特定生长因子的实验，在展示这些细胞外基质受体的变化如何调控神经干细胞行为方面产生了影响。然而，汇总表本身的变化所起的作用仍有待确定。答案将是重要的，因为他们将指出在体外设计利基环境所需的分子，以便为再生神经科学提供工具。
Basal lamina is present in many stem cell niches, but we still have a poor understanding of the role of these and other extracellular matrix components. Here we review current knowledge regarding extracellular matrix expression and function in the neural stem cell niche, focusing on the subependymal zone of the adult CNS. An increasing complexity of extracellular matrix molecules has been described, and a number of receptors expressed on the stem cells identified. Experiments perturbing the niche using genetics or cytotoxic ablation of the rapidly dividing precursors, or using explant culture models to examine specific growth factors, have been influential in showing how changes in these extracellular matrix receptors regulate neural stem cell behaviour. However the role of changes in the matrix itself remains to be determined. The answers will be important, as they will point to the molecules required to engineer niches ex-vivo so as to provide tools for regenerative neuroscience.