Estimating Demand and Cross-Price Elasticity for Very Low Nicotine Content (VLNC) Cigarettes Using a Simulated Demand Task.
Estimating Demand and Cross-Price Elasticity for Very Low Nicotine Content (VLNC) Cigarettes Using a Simulated Demand Task.
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使用模拟需求任务估算极低尼古丁含量 (VLNC) 香烟的需求和交叉价格弹性。
DOI：
10.1093/ntr/ntx130
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
R. Grace
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Megan R. Tucker;M. Laugesen;R. Grace
极低尼古丁含量（VLNC）香烟作为烟草控制策略的一部分可能是有用的，但相对而言，人们对它们作为普通香烟替代品的可接受性知之甚少。我们比较了普通香烟和VLNC香烟的主观影响和需求，并使用模拟需求任务估计了VLNC香烟的交叉价格弹性。方法40名新西兰吸烟者抽取了一支VLNC香烟，并完成了香烟购买任务，以表明他们在一定价格范围内对普通香烟和VLNC香烟的需求，以及一个交叉价格任务，表明他们在假设VLNC香烟价格不变的情况下，以普通香烟当前市场价格的0.5倍、1倍和2倍购买多少支普通香烟和VLNC香烟。他们还评估了VLNC香烟和他们常用品牌的普通香烟的主观影响。结果VLNC卷烟的交叉价格弹性估计为0.32，显著为正，表明VLNC卷烟可以部分替代普通卷烟。VLNC香烟被评为比普通香烟更不令人满意和心理上的奖励，但这与需求或可替代性无关。结论vlnc卷烟具有替代普通卷烟的潜力。它们的供应可以减少烟草消费、尼古丁摄入和成瘾；使吸烟者更容易戒烟。svlc香烟具有吸烟的行为和感觉成分，而尼古丁含量可以忽略不计。尽管吸烟者认为VLNCs不如普通香烟令人满意，但吸烟者表示，如果VLNCs以更低的价格出售，他们会随着普通香烟价格的上涨而增加VLNCs的消费量。这表明VLNCs可以部分替代普通香烟。通过减少尼古丁依赖和改善吸烟者的健康和财务状况，VLNCs可以成为有效烟草控制战略的一部分。
IntroductionVery Low Nicotine Content (VLNC) cigarettes might be useful as part of a tobacco control strategy, but relatively little is known about their acceptability as substitutes for regular cigarettes. We compared subjective effects and demand for regular cigarettes and VLNC cigarettes, and estimated cross-price elasticity for VLNC cigarettes, using simulated demand tasks.MethodForty New Zealand smokers sampled a VLNC cigarette and completed Cigarette Purchase Tasks to indicate their demand for regular cigarettes and VLNC cigarettes at a range of prices, and a cross-price task indicating how many regular cigarettes and VLNC cigarettes they would purchase at 0.5x, 1x, and 2x the current market price for regular cigarettes, assuming the price of VLNC cigarettes remained constant. They also rated the subjective effects of the VLNC cigarette and their usual-brand regular cigarettes.ResultsCross-price elasticity for VLNC cigarettes was estimated as 0.32 and was significantly positive, indicating that VLNC cigarettes are partially substitutable for regular cigarettes. VLNC cigarettes were rated as less satisfying and psychologically rewarding than regular cigarettes, but this was unrelated to demand or substitutability.ConclusionVLNC cigarettes are potentially substitutable for regular cigarettes. Their availability may reduce tobacco consumption, nicotine intake and addiction; making it easier for smokers to quit.ImplicationsVLNC cigarettes share the behavioral and sensory components of smoking while delivering negligible levels of nicotine. Although smokers rated VLNCs as less satisfying than regular cigarettes, smokers said they would increase their consumption of VLNCs as the price of regular cigarettes increased, if VLNCs were available at a lower price. This suggests that VLNCs are partially substitutable for regular cigarettes. VLNCs can be part of an effective tobacco control strategy, by reducing nicotine dependence and improving health and financial outcomes for smokers.