Robotic end-to-end fusion of microtubules powered by kinesin
Robotic end-to-end fusion of microtubules powered by kinesin
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DOI：
10.1126/scirobotics.abj7200
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发表时间：
2021-11
期刊：
影响因子：
25
通讯作者：
Gadiel Saper;S. Tsitkov;Parag Katira;H. Hess
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gadiel Saper;S. Tsitkov;Parag Katira;H. Hess
描述纳米机器人诱导非平衡状态，加速微管的端到端组装。自“分子制造”（即使用纳米级工具构建分子结构）提出以来，纳米机器人对分子的主动组装已经取得了很大进展。与通过使势能面沿着反应坐标平滑来加速反应的催化剂相反，分子机器消耗能量来相对于由热运动和力提供的基线加速反应。在这里，我们设计了一个纳米机器人系统，通过使用驱动蛋白马达和圆形限制室来加速端到端微管组装。我们发现，驱动蛋白推进的微管在表面上与封闭室的壁滑动的机械相互作用导致微管的非平衡分布，这增加了端到端微管融合事件的数量20倍相比，微管在平面上滑动。与早期的纳米机器人相比，在初始状态中建立了非平衡分布并驱动了这一过程，我们的纳米机器人系统创建并积极维持了集中状态的构建块，负责通过驱动蛋白-1马达蛋白以三磷酸腺苷为燃料产生力来加速组装。这种方法可以在未来用于开发生物混合或生物启发的纳米机器人，使用分子机器访问非平衡状态和加速纳米级组装。
Description A nanorobot induces a nonequilibrium state that accelerates end-to-end assembly of microtubules. The active assembly of molecules by nanorobots has advanced greatly since “molecular manufacturing”—that is, the use of nanoscale tools to build molecular structures—was proposed. In contrast to a catalyst, which accelerates a reaction by smoothing the potential energy surface along the reaction coordinate, molecular machines expend energy to accelerate a reaction relative to the baseline provided by thermal motion and forces. Here, we design a nanorobotics system to accelerate end-to-end microtubule assembly by using kinesin motors and a circular confining chamber. We show that the mechanical interaction of kinesin-propelled microtubules gliding on a surface with the walls of the confining chamber results in a nonequilibrium distribution of microtubules, which increases the number of end-to-end microtubule fusion events 20-fold compared with microtubules gliding on a plane. In contrast to earlier nanorobots, where a nonequilibrium distribution was built into the initial state and drove the process, our nanorobotic system creates and actively maintains the building blocks in the concentrated state responsible for accelerated assembly through the adenosine triphosphate–fueled generation of force by kinesin-1 motor proteins. This approach can be used in the future to develop biohybrid or bioinspired nanorobots that use molecular machines to access nonequilibrium states and accelerate nanoscale assembly.