Defining nicotine dependence for genetic research: evidence from Australian twins
Defining nicotine dependence for genetic research: evidence from Australian twins
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DOI：
10.1017/s0033291703001582
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发表时间：
2004-07-01
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Madden, PAF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lessov, CN;Martin, NG;Madden, PAF
背景目前用于定义尼古丁依赖的标准是否为遗传研究提供了信息，这是一个重要的实证问题。作者使用DSM-IV和重度吸烟指数的项目来表征尼古丁依赖表型，并确定澳大利亚年轻成年女性和配偶双胞胎的遗传信息社区样本中的突出症状。对9种依赖症状（7种DSM-IV物质依赖标准和2种来自Fagerstrom耐受性问卷的重度吸烟指数（HSI）项目，早上第一支烟的时间和每天吸烟的数量）进行了表型和遗传因素分析。表型和遗传分析仅限于吸烟者。表型尼古丁依赖症状协变最好由两个因素捕获，女性和男性的因素负荷模式相似。在遗传因素分析项目的协变最好捕获两个遗传，但一个共享的环境因素，为妇女和男子，然而，项目因素负荷不同的性别。所有尼古丁依赖症状基本上都是可遗传的，除了DSM-IV标准“为了吸烟而放弃或减少重要活动”，这是弱家族性的。男性和女性尼古丁依赖的显著行为指标相似。DSM-IV标准的耐受性，戒断和戒烟困难以及HSI项目早上第一支烟的时间和每天吸烟的数量可能代表女性和男性尼古丁依赖的最高遗传性症状。
Background. Whether current criteria used to define nicotine dependence are informative for genetic research is an important empirical question. The authors used items of the DSM-IV and of the Heaviness of Smoking Index to characterize the nicotine dependence phenotype and to identify salient symptoms in a genetically informative community sample of Australian young adult female and mate twins.Method. Phenotypic and genetic factor analyses were performed on nine dependence symptoms (the seven DSM-IV substance dependence criteria and the two Heaviness of Smoking Index (HSI) items derived from the Fagerstrom Tolerance Questionnaire, time to first cigarette in the morning and number of cigarettes smoked per day). Phenotypic and genetic analyses were restricted to ever smokers.Results. Phenotypic nicotine dependence symptom covariation was best captured by two factors with a similar pattern of factor loadings for women and men. In genetic factor analysis item covariation was best captured by two genetic but one shared environmental factor for both women and men; however, item factor loadings differed by gender. All nicotine dependence symptoms were substantially heritable, except for the DSM-IV criterion of 'giving up or reducing important activities in order to smoke', which was weakly familial.Conclusions. The salient behavioral indices of nicotine dependence are similar for women and men. DSM-IV criteria of tolerance, withdrawal, and experiencing difficulty quitting and HSI items time to first cigarette in the morning and number of cigarettes smoked per day may represent the most highly heritable symptoms of nicotine dependence for both women and men.