Impact on arsenic exposure of a growing proportion of untested wells in Bangladesh.
Impact on arsenic exposure of a growing proportion of untested wells in Bangladesh.
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DOI：
10.1186/1476-069x-11-7
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发表时间：
2012-02-21
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
van Geen A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
George CM;Graziano JH;Mey JL;van Geen A
在孟加拉国的许多地区，自从开展了一项全国性的管井砷检测运动以来，已经有六年多的时间了。因此，许多家庭从未经检测的井中取水饮用和做饭。在孟加拉国Singair upazilla对6646户家庭进行了家庭饮用水调查。随机选择1000户家庭使用795口未经测试的井，由训练有素的乡村工作人员在现场使用Hach EZ试剂盒进行测试，使用40分钟的延长反应时间，并在实验室使用高分辨率电感耦合等离子体质谱（HR ICP-MS）进行测试。住户调查显示，自国家检测运动以来，该地区超过80%的水井未经检测。在未检测井的家庭中，只有不到13%的家庭知道他们家附近的低砷井在哪里。与孟加拉国标准相比，使用Hach EZ试剂盒的乡村工人仅低估了795口井中4口的砷含量。然而，168口井的砷含量相对于相同的阈值被高估。在孟加拉国地下水中砷浓度较高的地区，越来越需要对管井进行测试。这可以通过训练使用可靠的现场工具包的乡村工人来实现。这种努力将导致砷暴露的大幅下降，因为它增加了家庭换井的机会。
In many areas of Bangladesh, it has been more than six years since a national campaign to test tubewells for arsenic (As) was conducted. Many households therefore draw their water for drinking and cooking from untested wells. A household drinking water survey of 6646 households was conducted in Singair upazilla of Bangladesh. A subset of 795 untested wells used by 1000 randomly selected households was tested in the field by trained village workers with the Hach EZ kit, using an extended reaction time of 40 min, and in the laboratory by high-resolution inductively-coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (HR ICP-MS). The household survey shows that more than 80% of the wells installed since the national testing campaign in this area were untested. Less than 13% of the households with untested wells knew where a low-As well was located near their home. Village workers using the Hach EZ kit underestimated the As content of only 4 out of 795 wells relative to the Bangladesh standard. However, the As content of 168 wells was overestimated relative to the same threshold. There is a growing need for testing tubewells in areas of Bangladesh where As concentrations in groundwater are elevated. This could be achieved by village workers trained to use a reliable field kit. Such an effort would result in a considerable drop in As exposure as it increases the opportunities for well switching by households.