PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY AND INCIDENCE OF HYPERTENSION IN COLLEGE ALUMNI
PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY AND INCIDENCE OF HYPERTENSION IN COLLEGE ALUMNI
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DOI：
10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113537
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发表时间：
1983-01-01
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
JUNG, DL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
PAFFENBARGER, RS;WING, AL;JUNG, DL
在一项对14,998名哈佛男校友的研究中，681名高血压患者在大学入学后16-50年开始的6-10年随访中首次被诊断出来。这项研究对这些在1916-1950年进入大学的男性进行了105,662个人年的观察，并在1962或1966-1972年间进行了跟踪调查。在研究人群中，是否有大学体育背景并不影响患高血压的风险，校友爬楼梯、步行或从事轻便运动也不会影响高血压风险。但是，没有从事剧烈运动的校友患高血压的风险比那些从事剧烈运动的校友高35%，而且这种关系适用于所有年龄段，35-74岁。较高的身体质量指数、自大学以来体重增加、父母高血压病史以及缺乏剧烈运动独立地预测校友患高血压的风险增加。体重与身高之比超过理想体重20%或以上的男性比体重较轻的男性风险高78%。体重增加25磅以上的人(.apprx自进入大学以来体重增加11.5千克以上的人比那些体重增加较少的人风险高60%。有高血压父母的校友比没有高血压父母的校友风险高83%。当代剧烈运动与高血压风险呈负相关，但主要是在身高超重的校友中。在临床意义上，对于超重、体重增加、父母高血压和缺乏剧烈运动的校友特征，归因风险估计在30%到近50%之间。在社区意义上，这些相同特征的归因风险在13-26%之间。总而言之，剧烈运动与较低的高血压发病率相关，而且不一定改变体重与身高的比例，避免或减少脂肪并促进肌肉；肥胖，而不是体重与身高的超重，与较高的高血压发病率相关；因此，剧烈运动适合用作预防高血压的干预方案。
In a study population of 14,998 Harvard male alumni, 681 hypertensives were first diagnosed during a 6-10 yr follow-up beginning 16-50 yr after college entrance. The study comprised 105,662 man-years of observation of these men who had entered college in 1916-1950, and who were followed from 1962 or 1966 to 1972. Presence or absence of a background of collegiate sports did not influence risk of hypertension in this study population, nor did stair-climbing, walking, or light sports play by alumni. But, alumni who did not engage in vigorous sports play were at 35% greater risk of hypertension than those who did, and this relationship held at all ages, 35-74 yr. Higher levels of body mass index, weight gain since college, history of parental hypertension, and lack of strenuous exercise independently predicted increased risk of hypertension in alumni. Men 20% or more over ideal weight-for-height were at 78% greater risk than lighter men. Those who had gained 25+ lbs (.apprx. 11.5+ kg) since entering college were at 60% greater risk than those who had gained less. Alumni with a hypertensive parent were at 83% higher risk than men without such parentage. Contemporary vigorous exercise was inversely related to hypertension risk, but chiefly among alumni overweight-for-height. In the clinical sense, attributable risk estimates ranged from 30% to nearly 50% for the alumni characteristics of overweight, weight gain, parental hypertension and lack of vigorous exercise. In the community sense, attributable risk of these same characteristics ranged 13-26%. To sum up, vigorous exercise is associated with lower hypertension incidence, and without necessarily altering body weight-for-height, avoids or reduces fat and promotes muscle; obesity, rather than excess weight-for-height, is associated with higher hypertension incidence; hence, vigorous exercise is appropriate for use as an intervention regimen in the prevention of hypertension.