3D Printed Programmable Release Capsules.
3D Printed Programmable Release Capsules.
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DOI：
10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b01688
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发表时间：
2015-08-12
期刊：
影响因子：
10.8
通讯作者：
McAlpine MC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gupta MK;Meng F;Johnson BN;Kong YL;Tian L;Yeh YW;Masters N;Singamaneni S;McAlpine MC
开发实现化学和生物分子梯度精确时空控制的方法可以在合成组织工程、生物-非生物界面和生物纳米技术等领域取得重大进展。活有机体通过高度协调的生物分子梯度来引导组织发育，从而指导细胞生长、迁移和分化。尽管已经开发出多种方法来操纵和实现生物分子梯度，但将梯度集成到多重三维 (3D) 矩阵中仍然是一个严峻的挑战。在这里，我们提出了一种 3D 打印刺激响应核/壳胶囊的方法，用于在水凝胶基质内可编程释放多重梯度。这些胶囊由水性核心和聚乳酸-乙醇酸（PLGA，FDA 批准的聚合物）外壳组成，水性核心可维持有效负载生物分子的活性。重要的是，外壳可以装载等离激元金纳米棒（AuNR），当用由纳米棒长度专门确定的激光波长照射时，允许胶囊选择性破裂。这种对空间、时间和选择性的精确控制使得能够对载酶胶囊的 2D 和 3D 多重阵列进行图案化，以及可调谐的激光触发破裂并将活性酶释放到水凝胶环境中。这种基于 3D 打印的方法的优点包括 (1) 高度单分散的胶囊，(2) 生物分子有效负载的有效封装，(3) 胶囊阵列的精确空间图案，(4) “动态”可编程梯度重新配置，以及 (5) 纳入分层架构的多功能性。事实上，可编程释放胶囊的 3D 打印可能代表了一种强大的新工具，可以实现对生物分子梯度的时空控制。
The development of methods for achieving precise spatiotemporal control over chemical and biomolecular gradients could enable significant advances in areas such as synthetic tissue engineering, biotic–abiotic interfaces, and bionanotechnology. Living organisms guide tissue development through highly orchestrated gradients of biomolecules that direct cell growth, migration, and differentiation. While numerous methods have been developed to manipulate and implement biomolecular gradients, integrating gradients into multiplexed, three-dimensional (3D) matrices remains a critical challenge. Here we present a method to 3D print stimuli-responsive core/shell capsules for programmable release of multiplexed gradients within hydrogel matrices. These capsules are composed of an aqueous core, which can be formulated to maintain the activity of payload biomolecules, and a poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA, an FDA approved polymer) shell. Importantly, the shell can be loaded with plasmonic gold nanorods (AuNRs), which permits selective rupturing of the capsule when irradiated with a laser wavelength specifically determined by the lengths of the nanorods. This precise control over space, time, and selectivity allows for the ability to pattern 2D and 3D multiplexed arrays of enzyme-loaded capsules along with tunable laser-triggered rupture and release of active enzymes into a hydrogel ambient. The advantages of this 3D printing-based method include (1) highly monodisperse capsules, (2) efficient encapsulation of biomolecular payloads, (3) precise spatial patterning of capsule arrays, (4) “on the fly” programmable reconfiguration of gradients, and (5) versatility for incorporation in hierarchical architectures. Indeed, 3D printing of programmable release capsules may represent a powerful new tool to enable spatiotemporal control over biomolecular gradients.