Domestic water buffaloes: Access to surface water, disease prevalence and associated economic losses
Domestic water buffaloes: Access to surface water, disease prevalence and associated economic losses
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.prevetmed.2018.03.021
复制
发表时间：
2018-06-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Ul Hasson, Shabeh
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Elahi, Ehsan;Abid, Muhammad;Ul Hasson, Shabeh
由于巴基斯坦缺乏淡水，废水被用来给水牛洗澡;然而，这对动物福利产生了负面影响。虽然有大量的文献废水和动物生产力之间的间接联系，研究侧重于水牛在废水中洗澡对动物生产力和经济损失的直接影响是罕见的。因此，使用360个国内水布法罗农场，本研究探讨了与洗澡（在废水和淡水）和非洗澡水牛采用部分预算和资源调整组件技术的支出和生产损失。此外，它调查了动物疾病的流行和相关的经济影响，分别使用相关分析和倾向得分匹配技术。研究结果表明，与它们的同行（淡水洗澡和非洗澡水牛）相比，在废水中洗澡的水牛患临床乳腺炎、口蹄疫和蜱虫感染的风险增加。此外，使用废水给水牛洗澡也会影响产奶量，导致过早淘汰，降低屠宰价值，从而导致更高的经济和生产损失。双对数模型的结果表明，如果水牛在挤奶后30分钟内用废水洗澡，经济损失更高，因为这些水牛有更多的机会暴露于乳头导管中的细菌渗透，这可能导致乳房内感染。根据倾向评分匹配法，每月较高的经济损失与水牛在废水和淡水中洗澡有关，每个农场分别为155美元和110美元。研究结果指出，有必要制定政策，限制水牛接触废水，并在炎热的夏季定期检查和获得凉爽清洁的水，以减少多余的热量和经济损失，从而改善动物福利。
Given the shortage and non-availability of freshwater in Pakistan, wastewater is being used for bathing water buffaloes; however, this has a negative impact on animal welfare. Although there is a vast literature on indirect linkages between wastewater and animal productivity, studies focusing on the direct impacts of water buffaloes bathing in wastewater on animal productivity and economic losses are rare. Therefore, using 360 domestic water buffalo farms, this study examines the expenditure and production losses associated with bathing (in wastewater and freshwater) and non-bathing water buffaloes by employing partial budgeting and resource adjustment component techniques. Furthermore, it investigates the prevalence of animal diseases and associated economic effects using correlation analysis and propensity score matching techniques, respectively. The findings reveal that compared to their counterparts (freshwater bathing and non-bathing water buffaloes), buffaloes bathing in wastewater are at increased risk of clinical mastitis, foot and mouth disease (FMD) and tick infestation. Moreover, the use of wastewater for bathing buffaloes also leads to higher economic and production losses by affecting milk productivity, causing premature culling, and reducing slaughter value. The findings of the double-log model show that economic losses are higher if buffaloes bathe in wastewater within 30 min after milking, as there are more chances that those buffaloes would be exposed to bacterial penetration in the teat ducts, which may result in intramammary infection. According to the propensity score matching method, the higher economic damages per month are associated with buffaloes bathing in wastewater and freshwater, 155 and 110 USD per farm, respectively. The study findings reference the need for policies to restrict wastewater access by water buffaloes, and a regular check of and access to cool clean water wallows for bathing during hot summer days, to reduce excess heat and economic losses, and thus improve animal welfare.