Cancer Statistics in China, 2015
Cancer Statistics in China, 2015
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DOI：
10.3322/caac.21338
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发表时间：
2016-03-01
影响因子：
254.7
通讯作者：
He, Jie
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen, Wanqing;Zheng, Rongshou;He, Jie
随着癌症发病率和死亡率的不断上升，癌症已成为中国的主要死因，是一个重大的公共卫生问题。由于中国人口众多（13.7亿），以前的全国发病率和死亡率估计仅限于使用20世纪90年代或基于特定年份的数据的小样本人口。通过中国国家癌症中心登记处提供的额外数量的基于人群的登记处的高质量数据，作者分析了72个地方，基于人群的癌症登记处（2009 - 2011年）的数据，占人口的6.5%，以估计2015年的新发病例和癌症死亡人数。22个登记处的数据用于趋势分析（2000 - 2011年）。结果显示，2015年中国预计将发生429.2万例新发癌症病例和281.4万例癌症死亡，肺癌是最常见的新发癌症和癌症死亡的主要原因。胃癌、食道癌和肝癌也被普遍诊断出来，并被确定为癌症死亡的主要原因。农村地区居民所有癌症的年龄标准化发病率和死亡率（Segi人群）均显著高于城市居民（发病率分别为213.6/10万和191.5/10万;死亡率分别为149.0/10万和109.5/10万）。2000年至2011年，所有癌症的发病率在男性中保持稳定（每年+0.2%; P = 0.1），而在男性中则显著增加（每年+2.2%; P
With increasing incidence and mortality, cancer is the leading cause of death in China and is a major public health problem. Because of China's massive population (1.37 billion), previous national incidence and mortality estimates have been limited to small samples of the population using data from the 1990s or based on a specific year. With high-quality data from an additional number of population-based registries now available through the National Central Cancer Registry of China, the authors analyzed data from 72 local, population-based cancer registries (2009-2011), representing 6.5% of the population, to estimate the number of new cases and cancer deaths for 2015. Data from 22 registries were used for trend analyses (2000-2011). The results indicated that an estimated 4292,000 new cancer cases and 2814,000 cancer deaths would occur in China in 2015, with lung cancer being the most common incident cancer and the leading cause of cancer death. Stomach, esophageal, and liver cancers were also commonly diagnosed and were identified as leading causes of cancer death. Residents of rural areas had significantly higher age-standardized (Segi population) incidence and mortality rates for all cancers combined than urban residents (213.6 per 100,000 vs 191.5 per 100,000 for incidence; 149.0 per 100,000 vs 109.5 per 100,000 for mortality, respectively). For all cancers combined, the incidence rates were stable during 2000 through 2011 for males (+0.2% per year; P=.1), whereas they increased significantly (+2.2% per year; P